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Investigation of Lithium Ion Diffusion of Graphite Anode by the Galvanostatic Intermittent Titration Technique
Graphite is used as a state-of-the-art anode in commercial lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to its highly reversible lithium-ion storage capability and low electrode potential. However, graphite anodes exhibit sluggish diffusion kinetics for lithium-ion intercalation/deintercalation, thus limiting t...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8397968/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34443205 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14164683 |
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author | Park, Jong Hyun Yoon, Hana Cho, Younghyun Yoo, Chung-Yul |
author_facet | Park, Jong Hyun Yoon, Hana Cho, Younghyun Yoo, Chung-Yul |
author_sort | Park, Jong Hyun |
collection | PubMed |
description | Graphite is used as a state-of-the-art anode in commercial lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to its highly reversible lithium-ion storage capability and low electrode potential. However, graphite anodes exhibit sluggish diffusion kinetics for lithium-ion intercalation/deintercalation, thus limiting the rate capability of commercial LIBs. In order to determine the lithium-ion diffusion coefficient of commercial graphite anodes, we employed a galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT) to quantify the quasi-equilibrium open circuit potential and diffusion coefficient as a function of lithium-ion concentration and potential for a commercial graphite electrode. Three plateaus are observed in the quasi-equilibrium open circuit potential curves, which are indicative of a mixed phase upon lithium-ion intercalation/deintercalation. The obtained diffusion coefficients tend to increase with increasing lithium concentration and exhibit an insignificant difference between charge and discharge conditions. This study reveals that the diffusion coefficient of graphite obtained with the GITT (1 × 10(−11) cm(2)/s to 4 × 10(−10) cm(2)/s) is in reasonable agreement with literature values obtained from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The GITT is comparatively simple and direct and therefore enables systematic measurements of ion intercalation/deintercalation diffusion coefficients for secondary ion battery materials. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8397968 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83979682021-08-29 Investigation of Lithium Ion Diffusion of Graphite Anode by the Galvanostatic Intermittent Titration Technique Park, Jong Hyun Yoon, Hana Cho, Younghyun Yoo, Chung-Yul Materials (Basel) Article Graphite is used as a state-of-the-art anode in commercial lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to its highly reversible lithium-ion storage capability and low electrode potential. However, graphite anodes exhibit sluggish diffusion kinetics for lithium-ion intercalation/deintercalation, thus limiting the rate capability of commercial LIBs. In order to determine the lithium-ion diffusion coefficient of commercial graphite anodes, we employed a galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT) to quantify the quasi-equilibrium open circuit potential and diffusion coefficient as a function of lithium-ion concentration and potential for a commercial graphite electrode. Three plateaus are observed in the quasi-equilibrium open circuit potential curves, which are indicative of a mixed phase upon lithium-ion intercalation/deintercalation. The obtained diffusion coefficients tend to increase with increasing lithium concentration and exhibit an insignificant difference between charge and discharge conditions. This study reveals that the diffusion coefficient of graphite obtained with the GITT (1 × 10(−11) cm(2)/s to 4 × 10(−10) cm(2)/s) is in reasonable agreement with literature values obtained from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The GITT is comparatively simple and direct and therefore enables systematic measurements of ion intercalation/deintercalation diffusion coefficients for secondary ion battery materials. MDPI 2021-08-19 /pmc/articles/PMC8397968/ /pubmed/34443205 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14164683 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Park, Jong Hyun Yoon, Hana Cho, Younghyun Yoo, Chung-Yul Investigation of Lithium Ion Diffusion of Graphite Anode by the Galvanostatic Intermittent Titration Technique |
title | Investigation of Lithium Ion Diffusion of Graphite Anode by the Galvanostatic Intermittent Titration Technique |
title_full | Investigation of Lithium Ion Diffusion of Graphite Anode by the Galvanostatic Intermittent Titration Technique |
title_fullStr | Investigation of Lithium Ion Diffusion of Graphite Anode by the Galvanostatic Intermittent Titration Technique |
title_full_unstemmed | Investigation of Lithium Ion Diffusion of Graphite Anode by the Galvanostatic Intermittent Titration Technique |
title_short | Investigation of Lithium Ion Diffusion of Graphite Anode by the Galvanostatic Intermittent Titration Technique |
title_sort | investigation of lithium ion diffusion of graphite anode by the galvanostatic intermittent titration technique |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8397968/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34443205 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14164683 |
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