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Trends in the Incidence of Acute Hepatitis B in the Polish Population and Their Determinants

Introduction: The World Health Assembly adopted the Global Health Strategy and aims to reduce the incidence of Hepatitis from up to 10 million cases per year to 0.9 million cases and to reduce deaths from 1.4 million to 0.5 million per year by 2030. However, given the prevalence of chronic Hepatitis...

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Autores principales: Stawinska-Witoszynska, Barbara, Klos, Jan, Moryson, Waclaw, Wieckowska, Barbara
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8398288/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34440944
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina57080738
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author Stawinska-Witoszynska, Barbara
Klos, Jan
Moryson, Waclaw
Wieckowska, Barbara
author_facet Stawinska-Witoszynska, Barbara
Klos, Jan
Moryson, Waclaw
Wieckowska, Barbara
author_sort Stawinska-Witoszynska, Barbara
collection PubMed
description Introduction: The World Health Assembly adopted the Global Health Strategy and aims to reduce the incidence of Hepatitis from up to 10 million cases per year to 0.9 million cases and to reduce deaths from 1.4 million to 0.5 million per year by 2030. However, given the prevalence of chronic Hepatitis B in many countries and the incidence of new cases of acute Hepatitis B, the task is not easy. This study investigates the trends and determinants of the incidence of acute Hepatitis B in Poland in 2005–2019. Materials and Methods: Data on the incidence of acute hepatitis B (AHBV) were obtained from the National Institute of Public Health. A case definition for AHBV was consistent with the EU definition. The incidence trends were determined by considering the sex, age and place of residence. Due to the exponential dependence model, the computations were based on the logarithm of the incidence rate. This allowed for the transformation to linear form and analysis could be conducted using linear models. Pearson’s correlation was used to determine the linear trend of incidence in general and according to sex and place of residence. The values of incidence rates (independent proportions test) and the coefficients illustrating the trends under study were also compared among males and females as well as urban and rural residents. Results: The incidence of AHBV in the Polish population decreased with similar slopes in both sexes. The newly reported cases of AHBV were more frequent in the male population. The incidence of acute Hepatitis B in the urban population was significantly higher than in the rural population. The significant decreasing trends in incidence were observed in all age ranges, with the exception of two age ranges 0–4 and 10–14, where the total incidence during the whole study period was negligible. Conclusion: Despite the significant decrease in the incidence of AHBV in Poland and its position among the European countries with the lowest hepatitis B (HBV) incidence, the alarmingly high proportion of iatrogenic infections requires further improvement in the sanitary condition of health care facilities. It is also necessary to decrease the number of unvaccinated individuals.
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spelling pubmed-83982882021-08-29 Trends in the Incidence of Acute Hepatitis B in the Polish Population and Their Determinants Stawinska-Witoszynska, Barbara Klos, Jan Moryson, Waclaw Wieckowska, Barbara Medicina (Kaunas) Article Introduction: The World Health Assembly adopted the Global Health Strategy and aims to reduce the incidence of Hepatitis from up to 10 million cases per year to 0.9 million cases and to reduce deaths from 1.4 million to 0.5 million per year by 2030. However, given the prevalence of chronic Hepatitis B in many countries and the incidence of new cases of acute Hepatitis B, the task is not easy. This study investigates the trends and determinants of the incidence of acute Hepatitis B in Poland in 2005–2019. Materials and Methods: Data on the incidence of acute hepatitis B (AHBV) were obtained from the National Institute of Public Health. A case definition for AHBV was consistent with the EU definition. The incidence trends were determined by considering the sex, age and place of residence. Due to the exponential dependence model, the computations were based on the logarithm of the incidence rate. This allowed for the transformation to linear form and analysis could be conducted using linear models. Pearson’s correlation was used to determine the linear trend of incidence in general and according to sex and place of residence. The values of incidence rates (independent proportions test) and the coefficients illustrating the trends under study were also compared among males and females as well as urban and rural residents. Results: The incidence of AHBV in the Polish population decreased with similar slopes in both sexes. The newly reported cases of AHBV were more frequent in the male population. The incidence of acute Hepatitis B in the urban population was significantly higher than in the rural population. The significant decreasing trends in incidence were observed in all age ranges, with the exception of two age ranges 0–4 and 10–14, where the total incidence during the whole study period was negligible. Conclusion: Despite the significant decrease in the incidence of AHBV in Poland and its position among the European countries with the lowest hepatitis B (HBV) incidence, the alarmingly high proportion of iatrogenic infections requires further improvement in the sanitary condition of health care facilities. It is also necessary to decrease the number of unvaccinated individuals. MDPI 2021-07-22 /pmc/articles/PMC8398288/ /pubmed/34440944 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina57080738 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Stawinska-Witoszynska, Barbara
Klos, Jan
Moryson, Waclaw
Wieckowska, Barbara
Trends in the Incidence of Acute Hepatitis B in the Polish Population and Their Determinants
title Trends in the Incidence of Acute Hepatitis B in the Polish Population and Their Determinants
title_full Trends in the Incidence of Acute Hepatitis B in the Polish Population and Their Determinants
title_fullStr Trends in the Incidence of Acute Hepatitis B in the Polish Population and Their Determinants
title_full_unstemmed Trends in the Incidence of Acute Hepatitis B in the Polish Population and Their Determinants
title_short Trends in the Incidence of Acute Hepatitis B in the Polish Population and Their Determinants
title_sort trends in the incidence of acute hepatitis b in the polish population and their determinants
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8398288/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34440944
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina57080738
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