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Acute Inflammatory Mediators in Young Adult Patients with COVID-19 in Mexico

Young adults (18–40 years old) are an active population with high risk of infection and transmission of COVID-19. They are considered a low-risk population due to its low 1.0% case fatality rate (CFR). Despite their high clinical usefulness to prevent fatal cases, inflammatory and coagulation biomar...

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Autores principales: Maldonado-Cabrera, Anahí, Angulo-Molina, Aracely, Haque, Ubydul, Velazquez, Carlos, Álvarez-Villaseñor, Andrea S., Santacruz-Gómez, Karla J., Gallego-Hernández, Ana L.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8398344/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34451520
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10081056
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author Maldonado-Cabrera, Anahí
Angulo-Molina, Aracely
Haque, Ubydul
Velazquez, Carlos
Álvarez-Villaseñor, Andrea S.
Santacruz-Gómez, Karla J.
Gallego-Hernández, Ana L.
author_facet Maldonado-Cabrera, Anahí
Angulo-Molina, Aracely
Haque, Ubydul
Velazquez, Carlos
Álvarez-Villaseñor, Andrea S.
Santacruz-Gómez, Karla J.
Gallego-Hernández, Ana L.
author_sort Maldonado-Cabrera, Anahí
collection PubMed
description Young adults (18–40 years old) are an active population with high risk of infection and transmission of COVID-19. They are considered a low-risk population due to its low 1.0% case fatality rate (CFR). Despite their high clinical usefulness to prevent fatal cases, inflammatory and coagulation biomarkers studies are limited. For this reason, we performed a retrospective cohort study with COVID-19 patients in Hermosillo, Mexico, to assess inflammation, coagulopathy profile, and severity outcomes in young adults. We analyzed blood samples to determine the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), neutrophil/monocyte ratio (NMR), lymphocyte/monocyte ratio (LMR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and C-reactive protein (C-RP). We included epidemiological features and comorbidities, and compared them to the severity status. Only 359 COVID-19-confirmed young adults were included in the ambulatory (44.8%), hospitalized (42.9%), and death (12%) severity groups. Laboratory results showed an increase in NMR, LMR, and C-RP associated with the aggravated patients. Additionally, obesity, arterial hypertension, and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were associated with the COVID-19 severity outcome. We found that 9.1% and 30.3% of young adults presented the novel COVID-19-associated coagulopathy (CAC) and the risk of CAC, respectively. These parameters can be considered independent biomarkers reflecting an enhanced inflammatory process related to the COVID-19 prognosis.
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spelling pubmed-83983442021-08-29 Acute Inflammatory Mediators in Young Adult Patients with COVID-19 in Mexico Maldonado-Cabrera, Anahí Angulo-Molina, Aracely Haque, Ubydul Velazquez, Carlos Álvarez-Villaseñor, Andrea S. Santacruz-Gómez, Karla J. Gallego-Hernández, Ana L. Pathogens Article Young adults (18–40 years old) are an active population with high risk of infection and transmission of COVID-19. They are considered a low-risk population due to its low 1.0% case fatality rate (CFR). Despite their high clinical usefulness to prevent fatal cases, inflammatory and coagulation biomarkers studies are limited. For this reason, we performed a retrospective cohort study with COVID-19 patients in Hermosillo, Mexico, to assess inflammation, coagulopathy profile, and severity outcomes in young adults. We analyzed blood samples to determine the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), neutrophil/monocyte ratio (NMR), lymphocyte/monocyte ratio (LMR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and C-reactive protein (C-RP). We included epidemiological features and comorbidities, and compared them to the severity status. Only 359 COVID-19-confirmed young adults were included in the ambulatory (44.8%), hospitalized (42.9%), and death (12%) severity groups. Laboratory results showed an increase in NMR, LMR, and C-RP associated with the aggravated patients. Additionally, obesity, arterial hypertension, and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were associated with the COVID-19 severity outcome. We found that 9.1% and 30.3% of young adults presented the novel COVID-19-associated coagulopathy (CAC) and the risk of CAC, respectively. These parameters can be considered independent biomarkers reflecting an enhanced inflammatory process related to the COVID-19 prognosis. MDPI 2021-08-20 /pmc/articles/PMC8398344/ /pubmed/34451520 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10081056 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Maldonado-Cabrera, Anahí
Angulo-Molina, Aracely
Haque, Ubydul
Velazquez, Carlos
Álvarez-Villaseñor, Andrea S.
Santacruz-Gómez, Karla J.
Gallego-Hernández, Ana L.
Acute Inflammatory Mediators in Young Adult Patients with COVID-19 in Mexico
title Acute Inflammatory Mediators in Young Adult Patients with COVID-19 in Mexico
title_full Acute Inflammatory Mediators in Young Adult Patients with COVID-19 in Mexico
title_fullStr Acute Inflammatory Mediators in Young Adult Patients with COVID-19 in Mexico
title_full_unstemmed Acute Inflammatory Mediators in Young Adult Patients with COVID-19 in Mexico
title_short Acute Inflammatory Mediators in Young Adult Patients with COVID-19 in Mexico
title_sort acute inflammatory mediators in young adult patients with covid-19 in mexico
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8398344/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34451520
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10081056
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