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Evaluating Orientation Effects on the Fire Reaction Properties of Flax-Polypropylene Composites
In this work, the fire reaction properties of flax-polypropylene (PP) composites were investigated at multiple sample angles both experimentally and numerically under two different heat flux conditions (35 and 50 kW/m(2)) in the cone calorimeter environment. An innovative testing setup which can acc...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8400171/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34451125 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13162586 |
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author | Dutta, Swagata Kim, Nam Kyeun Das, Raj Bhattacharyya, Debes |
author_facet | Dutta, Swagata Kim, Nam Kyeun Das, Raj Bhattacharyya, Debes |
author_sort | Dutta, Swagata |
collection | PubMed |
description | In this work, the fire reaction properties of flax-polypropylene (PP) composites were investigated at multiple sample angles both experimentally and numerically under two different heat flux conditions (35 and 50 kW/m(2)) in the cone calorimeter environment. An innovative testing setup which can accommodate a wide range of angles between 0° and 90° for the sample angle frame was developed to perform cone calorimeter tests at different sample angles. An advanced numerical predictive model based on the finite volume method was developed using the fire dynamics simulator (FDS) to quantify the dependency of ignition and combustion properties with sample angles. The numerical model was validated against experimental data from the cone calorimeter tests. The experimental and numerical analyses were conducted to quantify the effects of sample orientation on the different fire reaction properties i.e., ignition time, ignition temperature, burn time, heat release rate (HRR), critical heat flux, etc. The numerical method was utilised to analyse the mechanisms controlling the effect of heat convection and radiation blockage on the heating process. The study establishes that the sample orientation (with respect to the heat flux normal) has a significant influence on the fire reaction properties of natural fibre composites. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8400171 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84001712021-08-29 Evaluating Orientation Effects on the Fire Reaction Properties of Flax-Polypropylene Composites Dutta, Swagata Kim, Nam Kyeun Das, Raj Bhattacharyya, Debes Polymers (Basel) Article In this work, the fire reaction properties of flax-polypropylene (PP) composites were investigated at multiple sample angles both experimentally and numerically under two different heat flux conditions (35 and 50 kW/m(2)) in the cone calorimeter environment. An innovative testing setup which can accommodate a wide range of angles between 0° and 90° for the sample angle frame was developed to perform cone calorimeter tests at different sample angles. An advanced numerical predictive model based on the finite volume method was developed using the fire dynamics simulator (FDS) to quantify the dependency of ignition and combustion properties with sample angles. The numerical model was validated against experimental data from the cone calorimeter tests. The experimental and numerical analyses were conducted to quantify the effects of sample orientation on the different fire reaction properties i.e., ignition time, ignition temperature, burn time, heat release rate (HRR), critical heat flux, etc. The numerical method was utilised to analyse the mechanisms controlling the effect of heat convection and radiation blockage on the heating process. The study establishes that the sample orientation (with respect to the heat flux normal) has a significant influence on the fire reaction properties of natural fibre composites. MDPI 2021-08-04 /pmc/articles/PMC8400171/ /pubmed/34451125 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13162586 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Dutta, Swagata Kim, Nam Kyeun Das, Raj Bhattacharyya, Debes Evaluating Orientation Effects on the Fire Reaction Properties of Flax-Polypropylene Composites |
title | Evaluating Orientation Effects on the Fire Reaction Properties of Flax-Polypropylene Composites |
title_full | Evaluating Orientation Effects on the Fire Reaction Properties of Flax-Polypropylene Composites |
title_fullStr | Evaluating Orientation Effects on the Fire Reaction Properties of Flax-Polypropylene Composites |
title_full_unstemmed | Evaluating Orientation Effects on the Fire Reaction Properties of Flax-Polypropylene Composites |
title_short | Evaluating Orientation Effects on the Fire Reaction Properties of Flax-Polypropylene Composites |
title_sort | evaluating orientation effects on the fire reaction properties of flax-polypropylene composites |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8400171/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34451125 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13162586 |
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