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The Chloroplast Phylogenomics and Systematics of Zoysia (Poaceae)
The genus Zoysia Willd. (Chloridoideae) is widely distributed from the temperate regions of Northeast Asia—including China, Japan, and Korea—to the tropical regions of Southeast Asia. Among these, four species—Zoysia japonica Steud., Zoysia sinica Hance, Zoysia tenuifolia Thiele, and Zoysia macrosta...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8400354/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34451562 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10081517 |
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author | Cheon, Se-Hwan Woo, Min-Ah Jo, Sangjin Kim, Young-Kee Kim, Ki-Joong |
author_facet | Cheon, Se-Hwan Woo, Min-Ah Jo, Sangjin Kim, Young-Kee Kim, Ki-Joong |
author_sort | Cheon, Se-Hwan |
collection | PubMed |
description | The genus Zoysia Willd. (Chloridoideae) is widely distributed from the temperate regions of Northeast Asia—including China, Japan, and Korea—to the tropical regions of Southeast Asia. Among these, four species—Zoysia japonica Steud., Zoysia sinica Hance, Zoysia tenuifolia Thiele, and Zoysia macrostachya Franch. & Sav.—are naturally distributed in the Korean Peninsula. In this study, we report the complete plastome sequences of these Korean Zoysia species (NCBI acc. nos. MF953592, MF967579~MF967581). The length of Zoysia plastomes ranges from 135,854 to 135,904 bp, and the plastomes have a typical quadripartite structure, which consists of a pair of inverted repeat regions (20,962~20,966 bp) separated by a large (81,348~81,392 bp) and a small (12,582~12,586 bp) single-copy region. In terms of gene order and structure, Zoysia plastomes are similar to the typical plastomes of Poaceae. The plastomes encode 110 genes, of which 76 are protein-coding genes, 30 are tRNA genes, and four are rRNA genes. Fourteen genes contain single introns and one gene has two introns. Three evolutionary hotspot spacer regions—atpB~rbcL, rps16~rps3, and rpl32~trnL-UAG—were recognized among six analyzed Zoysia species. The high divergences in the atpB~rbcL spacer and rpl16~rpl3 region are primarily due to the differences in base substitutions and indels. In contrast, the high divergence between rpl32~trnL-UAG spacers is due to a small inversion with a pair of 22 bp stem and an 11 bp loop. Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were identified in 59 different locations in Z. japonica, 63 in Z. sinica, 62 in Z. macrostachya, and 63 in Z. tenuifolia plastomes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the Zoysia (Zoysiinae) forms a monophyletic group, which is sister to Sporobolus (Sporobolinae), with 100% bootstrap support. Within the Zoysia clade, the relationship of (Z. sinica, Z japonica), (Z. tenuifolia, Z. matrella), (Z. macrostachya, Z. macrantha) was suggested. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8400354 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84003542021-08-29 The Chloroplast Phylogenomics and Systematics of Zoysia (Poaceae) Cheon, Se-Hwan Woo, Min-Ah Jo, Sangjin Kim, Young-Kee Kim, Ki-Joong Plants (Basel) Article The genus Zoysia Willd. (Chloridoideae) is widely distributed from the temperate regions of Northeast Asia—including China, Japan, and Korea—to the tropical regions of Southeast Asia. Among these, four species—Zoysia japonica Steud., Zoysia sinica Hance, Zoysia tenuifolia Thiele, and Zoysia macrostachya Franch. & Sav.—are naturally distributed in the Korean Peninsula. In this study, we report the complete plastome sequences of these Korean Zoysia species (NCBI acc. nos. MF953592, MF967579~MF967581). The length of Zoysia plastomes ranges from 135,854 to 135,904 bp, and the plastomes have a typical quadripartite structure, which consists of a pair of inverted repeat regions (20,962~20,966 bp) separated by a large (81,348~81,392 bp) and a small (12,582~12,586 bp) single-copy region. In terms of gene order and structure, Zoysia plastomes are similar to the typical plastomes of Poaceae. The plastomes encode 110 genes, of which 76 are protein-coding genes, 30 are tRNA genes, and four are rRNA genes. Fourteen genes contain single introns and one gene has two introns. Three evolutionary hotspot spacer regions—atpB~rbcL, rps16~rps3, and rpl32~trnL-UAG—were recognized among six analyzed Zoysia species. The high divergences in the atpB~rbcL spacer and rpl16~rpl3 region are primarily due to the differences in base substitutions and indels. In contrast, the high divergence between rpl32~trnL-UAG spacers is due to a small inversion with a pair of 22 bp stem and an 11 bp loop. Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were identified in 59 different locations in Z. japonica, 63 in Z. sinica, 62 in Z. macrostachya, and 63 in Z. tenuifolia plastomes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the Zoysia (Zoysiinae) forms a monophyletic group, which is sister to Sporobolus (Sporobolinae), with 100% bootstrap support. Within the Zoysia clade, the relationship of (Z. sinica, Z japonica), (Z. tenuifolia, Z. matrella), (Z. macrostachya, Z. macrantha) was suggested. MDPI 2021-07-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8400354/ /pubmed/34451562 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10081517 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Cheon, Se-Hwan Woo, Min-Ah Jo, Sangjin Kim, Young-Kee Kim, Ki-Joong The Chloroplast Phylogenomics and Systematics of Zoysia (Poaceae) |
title | The Chloroplast Phylogenomics and Systematics of Zoysia (Poaceae) |
title_full | The Chloroplast Phylogenomics and Systematics of Zoysia (Poaceae) |
title_fullStr | The Chloroplast Phylogenomics and Systematics of Zoysia (Poaceae) |
title_full_unstemmed | The Chloroplast Phylogenomics and Systematics of Zoysia (Poaceae) |
title_short | The Chloroplast Phylogenomics and Systematics of Zoysia (Poaceae) |
title_sort | chloroplast phylogenomics and systematics of zoysia (poaceae) |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8400354/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34451562 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10081517 |
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