Cargando…
Pragmatic Strategy for Fecal Specimen Storage and the Corresponding Test Methods for Clostridioides difficile Diagnosis
The quality of fecal specimens is one of the factors responsible for successful Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) diagnosis. The quality depends largely on the storage conditions, including the temperature and time period. In this study, we organized the outputs of previous studies, filled ex...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8400358/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34451512 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10081049 |
_version_ | 1783745296665149440 |
---|---|
author | Nho, Seong Won Kim, Minjae Kim, Seong-Jae Foley, Steven L. Nayak, Rajesh Kweon, Ohgew Cerniglia, Carl E. |
author_facet | Nho, Seong Won Kim, Minjae Kim, Seong-Jae Foley, Steven L. Nayak, Rajesh Kweon, Ohgew Cerniglia, Carl E. |
author_sort | Nho, Seong Won |
collection | PubMed |
description | The quality of fecal specimens is one of the factors responsible for successful Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) diagnosis. The quality depends largely on the storage conditions, including the temperature and time period. In this study, we organized the outputs of previous studies, filled experimental gaps in the knowledge of storage conditions, and introduced a pragmatic strategy for fecal storage for CDI diagnosis. A 5-step pathway was adopted to develop the fecal specimen storage strategy as follows: step 1, bibliomic analysis; step 2, experimental gap-filling; step 3, comparative evaluation; step 4, strategy development; step 5, internal review. Step 1 identified eight articles providing experimental information on the effects of fecal specimen storage conditions on the effectiveness of C. difficile detection methods. Step 2 provided additional quantitative data on C. difficile vegetative and spore cell viability and DNA stability. All previous and current results were compared (step 3). In step 4, fir general and nine special strategies were developed, followed by an internal review of the overall approaches (step 5). It is recommended to separate fecal samples into aliquots before testing and storing them. It is particularly recommended that fecal specimen samples be stored for CDI diagnosis at 4 °C for up to 60 days for all test methods. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8400358 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84003582021-08-29 Pragmatic Strategy for Fecal Specimen Storage and the Corresponding Test Methods for Clostridioides difficile Diagnosis Nho, Seong Won Kim, Minjae Kim, Seong-Jae Foley, Steven L. Nayak, Rajesh Kweon, Ohgew Cerniglia, Carl E. Pathogens Article The quality of fecal specimens is one of the factors responsible for successful Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) diagnosis. The quality depends largely on the storage conditions, including the temperature and time period. In this study, we organized the outputs of previous studies, filled experimental gaps in the knowledge of storage conditions, and introduced a pragmatic strategy for fecal storage for CDI diagnosis. A 5-step pathway was adopted to develop the fecal specimen storage strategy as follows: step 1, bibliomic analysis; step 2, experimental gap-filling; step 3, comparative evaluation; step 4, strategy development; step 5, internal review. Step 1 identified eight articles providing experimental information on the effects of fecal specimen storage conditions on the effectiveness of C. difficile detection methods. Step 2 provided additional quantitative data on C. difficile vegetative and spore cell viability and DNA stability. All previous and current results were compared (step 3). In step 4, fir general and nine special strategies were developed, followed by an internal review of the overall approaches (step 5). It is recommended to separate fecal samples into aliquots before testing and storing them. It is particularly recommended that fecal specimen samples be stored for CDI diagnosis at 4 °C for up to 60 days for all test methods. MDPI 2021-08-18 /pmc/articles/PMC8400358/ /pubmed/34451512 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10081049 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Nho, Seong Won Kim, Minjae Kim, Seong-Jae Foley, Steven L. Nayak, Rajesh Kweon, Ohgew Cerniglia, Carl E. Pragmatic Strategy for Fecal Specimen Storage and the Corresponding Test Methods for Clostridioides difficile Diagnosis |
title | Pragmatic Strategy for Fecal Specimen Storage and the Corresponding Test Methods for Clostridioides difficile Diagnosis |
title_full | Pragmatic Strategy for Fecal Specimen Storage and the Corresponding Test Methods for Clostridioides difficile Diagnosis |
title_fullStr | Pragmatic Strategy for Fecal Specimen Storage and the Corresponding Test Methods for Clostridioides difficile Diagnosis |
title_full_unstemmed | Pragmatic Strategy for Fecal Specimen Storage and the Corresponding Test Methods for Clostridioides difficile Diagnosis |
title_short | Pragmatic Strategy for Fecal Specimen Storage and the Corresponding Test Methods for Clostridioides difficile Diagnosis |
title_sort | pragmatic strategy for fecal specimen storage and the corresponding test methods for clostridioides difficile diagnosis |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8400358/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34451512 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10081049 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT nhoseongwon pragmaticstrategyforfecalspecimenstorageandthecorrespondingtestmethodsforclostridioidesdifficilediagnosis AT kimminjae pragmaticstrategyforfecalspecimenstorageandthecorrespondingtestmethodsforclostridioidesdifficilediagnosis AT kimseongjae pragmaticstrategyforfecalspecimenstorageandthecorrespondingtestmethodsforclostridioidesdifficilediagnosis AT foleystevenl pragmaticstrategyforfecalspecimenstorageandthecorrespondingtestmethodsforclostridioidesdifficilediagnosis AT nayakrajesh pragmaticstrategyforfecalspecimenstorageandthecorrespondingtestmethodsforclostridioidesdifficilediagnosis AT kweonohgew pragmaticstrategyforfecalspecimenstorageandthecorrespondingtestmethodsforclostridioidesdifficilediagnosis AT cernigliacarle pragmaticstrategyforfecalspecimenstorageandthecorrespondingtestmethodsforclostridioidesdifficilediagnosis |