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Severe Pneumonia in Neonates Associated with Legionella pneumophila: Case Report and Review of the Literature

The causative agent of legionellosis is the Gram-negative intracellular bacteria Legionella spp. Its clinical presentation varies from a mild febrile illness called Pontiac fever to the severe and possible fatal pneumonia, Legionnaires’ disease. Immunocompromised patients, in particular, are affecte...

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Autores principales: Perez Ortiz, Alba, Hahn, Camilla, Schaible, Thomas, Rafat, Neysan, Lange, Bettina
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8400773/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34451495
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10081031
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author Perez Ortiz, Alba
Hahn, Camilla
Schaible, Thomas
Rafat, Neysan
Lange, Bettina
author_facet Perez Ortiz, Alba
Hahn, Camilla
Schaible, Thomas
Rafat, Neysan
Lange, Bettina
author_sort Perez Ortiz, Alba
collection PubMed
description The causative agent of legionellosis is the Gram-negative intracellular bacteria Legionella spp. Its clinical presentation varies from a mild febrile illness called Pontiac fever to the severe and possible fatal pneumonia, Legionnaires’ disease. Immunocompromised patients, in particular, are affected. Only a small number of infected neonates are described in the literature. Most of them have been associated with water birth or the use of air humidifiers. In the last five years, a growing number of cases have been reported in Germany by the national institute of disease surveillance and prevention (Robert-Koch Institute). Here, we describe a fatal case report of pulmonary legionellosis with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), sepsis, associated cutaneous manifestation, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in a full-term neonate. Moreover, we present a review of the literature discussing the epidemiology, risk factors, clinical features, diagnostics, treatment options, and prevention for this rare condition in neonates.
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spelling pubmed-84007732021-08-29 Severe Pneumonia in Neonates Associated with Legionella pneumophila: Case Report and Review of the Literature Perez Ortiz, Alba Hahn, Camilla Schaible, Thomas Rafat, Neysan Lange, Bettina Pathogens Systematic Review The causative agent of legionellosis is the Gram-negative intracellular bacteria Legionella spp. Its clinical presentation varies from a mild febrile illness called Pontiac fever to the severe and possible fatal pneumonia, Legionnaires’ disease. Immunocompromised patients, in particular, are affected. Only a small number of infected neonates are described in the literature. Most of them have been associated with water birth or the use of air humidifiers. In the last five years, a growing number of cases have been reported in Germany by the national institute of disease surveillance and prevention (Robert-Koch Institute). Here, we describe a fatal case report of pulmonary legionellosis with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), sepsis, associated cutaneous manifestation, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in a full-term neonate. Moreover, we present a review of the literature discussing the epidemiology, risk factors, clinical features, diagnostics, treatment options, and prevention for this rare condition in neonates. MDPI 2021-08-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8400773/ /pubmed/34451495 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10081031 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Systematic Review
Perez Ortiz, Alba
Hahn, Camilla
Schaible, Thomas
Rafat, Neysan
Lange, Bettina
Severe Pneumonia in Neonates Associated with Legionella pneumophila: Case Report and Review of the Literature
title Severe Pneumonia in Neonates Associated with Legionella pneumophila: Case Report and Review of the Literature
title_full Severe Pneumonia in Neonates Associated with Legionella pneumophila: Case Report and Review of the Literature
title_fullStr Severe Pneumonia in Neonates Associated with Legionella pneumophila: Case Report and Review of the Literature
title_full_unstemmed Severe Pneumonia in Neonates Associated with Legionella pneumophila: Case Report and Review of the Literature
title_short Severe Pneumonia in Neonates Associated with Legionella pneumophila: Case Report and Review of the Literature
title_sort severe pneumonia in neonates associated with legionella pneumophila: case report and review of the literature
topic Systematic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8400773/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34451495
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10081031
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