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Intestinal Colonization with Tropheryma whipplei—Clinical and Immunological Implications for HIV Positive Adults in Ghana

Background: Recent studies demonstrated higher prevalence rates of Tropheryma whipplei (T. whipplei) in HIV positive than in HIV negative subjects. However, associations with the immune status in HIV positive participants were conflicting. Methods: For this cross-sectional study, stool samples of 90...

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Autores principales: Eberhardt, Kirsten Alexandra, Sarfo, Fred Stephen, Klupp, Eva-Maria, Dompreh, Albert, Di Cristanziano, Veronica, Osei Kuffour, Edmund, Boateng, Richard, Norman, Betty, Phillips, Richard Odame, Aepfelbacher, Martin, Feldt, Torsten
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8400997/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34442860
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9081781
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author Eberhardt, Kirsten Alexandra
Sarfo, Fred Stephen
Klupp, Eva-Maria
Dompreh, Albert
Di Cristanziano, Veronica
Osei Kuffour, Edmund
Boateng, Richard
Norman, Betty
Phillips, Richard Odame
Aepfelbacher, Martin
Feldt, Torsten
author_facet Eberhardt, Kirsten Alexandra
Sarfo, Fred Stephen
Klupp, Eva-Maria
Dompreh, Albert
Di Cristanziano, Veronica
Osei Kuffour, Edmund
Boateng, Richard
Norman, Betty
Phillips, Richard Odame
Aepfelbacher, Martin
Feldt, Torsten
author_sort Eberhardt, Kirsten Alexandra
collection PubMed
description Background: Recent studies demonstrated higher prevalence rates of Tropheryma whipplei (T. whipplei) in HIV positive than in HIV negative subjects. However, associations with the immune status in HIV positive participants were conflicting. Methods: For this cross-sectional study, stool samples of 906 HIV positive and 98 HIV negative individuals in Ghana were tested for T. whipplei. Additionally, sociodemographic parameters, clinical symptoms, medical drug intake, and laboratory parameters were assessed. Results: The prevalence of T. whipplei was 5.85% in HIV positive and 2.04% in HIV negative participants. Within the group of HIV positive participants, the prevalence reached 7.18% in patients without co-trimoxazole prophylaxis, 10.26% in subjects with ART intake, and 12.31% in obese participants. Frequencies of clinical symptoms were not found to be higher in HIV positive T. whipplei carriers compared to T. whipplei negative participants. Markers of immune activation were lower in patients colonized with T. whipplei. Multivariate regression models demonstrated an independent relationship of a high CD4+ T cell count, a low HIV-1 viral load, and an obese body weight with the presence of T. whipplei. Conclusions: Among HIV positive individuals, T. whipplei colonization was associated with a better immune status but not with clinical consequences. Our data suggest that the withdrawal of co-trimoxazole chemoprophylaxis among people living with HIV on stable cART regimen may inadvertently increase the propensity towards colonization with T. whipplei.
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spelling pubmed-84009972021-08-29 Intestinal Colonization with Tropheryma whipplei—Clinical and Immunological Implications for HIV Positive Adults in Ghana Eberhardt, Kirsten Alexandra Sarfo, Fred Stephen Klupp, Eva-Maria Dompreh, Albert Di Cristanziano, Veronica Osei Kuffour, Edmund Boateng, Richard Norman, Betty Phillips, Richard Odame Aepfelbacher, Martin Feldt, Torsten Microorganisms Article Background: Recent studies demonstrated higher prevalence rates of Tropheryma whipplei (T. whipplei) in HIV positive than in HIV negative subjects. However, associations with the immune status in HIV positive participants were conflicting. Methods: For this cross-sectional study, stool samples of 906 HIV positive and 98 HIV negative individuals in Ghana were tested for T. whipplei. Additionally, sociodemographic parameters, clinical symptoms, medical drug intake, and laboratory parameters were assessed. Results: The prevalence of T. whipplei was 5.85% in HIV positive and 2.04% in HIV negative participants. Within the group of HIV positive participants, the prevalence reached 7.18% in patients without co-trimoxazole prophylaxis, 10.26% in subjects with ART intake, and 12.31% in obese participants. Frequencies of clinical symptoms were not found to be higher in HIV positive T. whipplei carriers compared to T. whipplei negative participants. Markers of immune activation were lower in patients colonized with T. whipplei. Multivariate regression models demonstrated an independent relationship of a high CD4+ T cell count, a low HIV-1 viral load, and an obese body weight with the presence of T. whipplei. Conclusions: Among HIV positive individuals, T. whipplei colonization was associated with a better immune status but not with clinical consequences. Our data suggest that the withdrawal of co-trimoxazole chemoprophylaxis among people living with HIV on stable cART regimen may inadvertently increase the propensity towards colonization with T. whipplei. MDPI 2021-08-22 /pmc/articles/PMC8400997/ /pubmed/34442860 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9081781 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Eberhardt, Kirsten Alexandra
Sarfo, Fred Stephen
Klupp, Eva-Maria
Dompreh, Albert
Di Cristanziano, Veronica
Osei Kuffour, Edmund
Boateng, Richard
Norman, Betty
Phillips, Richard Odame
Aepfelbacher, Martin
Feldt, Torsten
Intestinal Colonization with Tropheryma whipplei—Clinical and Immunological Implications for HIV Positive Adults in Ghana
title Intestinal Colonization with Tropheryma whipplei—Clinical and Immunological Implications for HIV Positive Adults in Ghana
title_full Intestinal Colonization with Tropheryma whipplei—Clinical and Immunological Implications for HIV Positive Adults in Ghana
title_fullStr Intestinal Colonization with Tropheryma whipplei—Clinical and Immunological Implications for HIV Positive Adults in Ghana
title_full_unstemmed Intestinal Colonization with Tropheryma whipplei—Clinical and Immunological Implications for HIV Positive Adults in Ghana
title_short Intestinal Colonization with Tropheryma whipplei—Clinical and Immunological Implications for HIV Positive Adults in Ghana
title_sort intestinal colonization with tropheryma whipplei—clinical and immunological implications for hiv positive adults in ghana
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8400997/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34442860
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9081781
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