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Breastfeeding and Overweight in European Preschoolers: The ToyBox Study

The benefits of breastfeeding (BF) include risk reduction of later overweight and obesity. We aimed to analyse the association between breastfeeding practices and overweight/obesity among preschool children participating in the ToyBox study. Data from children in the six countries, participating in...

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Autores principales: Usheva, Natalya, Lateva, Mina, Galcheva, Sonya, Koletzko, Berthold V., Cardon, Greet, De Craemer, Marieke, Androutsos, Odysseas, Kotowska, Aneta, Socha, Piotr, Moreno, Luis A., Manios, Yannis, Iotova, Violeta
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8401161/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34445041
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13082880
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author Usheva, Natalya
Lateva, Mina
Galcheva, Sonya
Koletzko, Berthold V.
Cardon, Greet
De Craemer, Marieke
Androutsos, Odysseas
Kotowska, Aneta
Socha, Piotr
Moreno, Luis A.
Manios, Yannis
Iotova, Violeta
author_facet Usheva, Natalya
Lateva, Mina
Galcheva, Sonya
Koletzko, Berthold V.
Cardon, Greet
De Craemer, Marieke
Androutsos, Odysseas
Kotowska, Aneta
Socha, Piotr
Moreno, Luis A.
Manios, Yannis
Iotova, Violeta
author_sort Usheva, Natalya
collection PubMed
description The benefits of breastfeeding (BF) include risk reduction of later overweight and obesity. We aimed to analyse the association between breastfeeding practices and overweight/obesity among preschool children participating in the ToyBox study. Data from children in the six countries, participating in the ToyBox-study (Belgium, Bulgaria, Germany, Greece, Poland, and Spain) 7554 children/families and their age is 3.5–5.5 years, 51.9% were boys collected cross-sectionally in 2012. The questionnaires included parents’ self-reported data on their weight, height, socio-demographic status, and infant feeding practices. Measurements of preschool children’s weight and height were done by trained researchers using standard protocols and equipment. The ever breastfeeding rate in the total sample was 85.0% (n = 5777). Only 6.3% (n = 428) of the children from the general sample were exclusively breastfed (EBF) for the duration of the first six months. EBF for four to six months was significantly (p < 0.001) less likely among mothers with formal education < 12 years (adjusted Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.61; 95% Confidence interval (CI) 0.44–0.85), smoking throughout pregnancy (adjusted OR = 0.39; 95% CI 0.24–0.62), overweight before pregnancy (adjusted OR = 0.67; 95%CI 0.47–0.95) and ≤25 years old. The median duration of any breastfeeding was five months. The prevalence of exclusive formula feeding during the first five months in the general sample was about 12% (n = 830). The prevalence of overweight and obesity at preschool age was 8.0% (n = 542) and 2.8% (n = 190), respectively. The study did not identify any significant association between breastfeeding practices and obesity in childhood when adjusted for relevant confounding factors (p > 0.05). It is likely that sociodemographic and lifestyle factors associated with breastfeeding practices may have an impact on childhood obesity. The identified lower than desirable rates and duration of breastfeeding practices should prompt enhanced efforts for effective promotion, protection, and support of breastfeeding across Europe, and in particular in regions with low BF rates.
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spelling pubmed-84011612021-08-29 Breastfeeding and Overweight in European Preschoolers: The ToyBox Study Usheva, Natalya Lateva, Mina Galcheva, Sonya Koletzko, Berthold V. Cardon, Greet De Craemer, Marieke Androutsos, Odysseas Kotowska, Aneta Socha, Piotr Moreno, Luis A. Manios, Yannis Iotova, Violeta Nutrients Article The benefits of breastfeeding (BF) include risk reduction of later overweight and obesity. We aimed to analyse the association between breastfeeding practices and overweight/obesity among preschool children participating in the ToyBox study. Data from children in the six countries, participating in the ToyBox-study (Belgium, Bulgaria, Germany, Greece, Poland, and Spain) 7554 children/families and their age is 3.5–5.5 years, 51.9% were boys collected cross-sectionally in 2012. The questionnaires included parents’ self-reported data on their weight, height, socio-demographic status, and infant feeding practices. Measurements of preschool children’s weight and height were done by trained researchers using standard protocols and equipment. The ever breastfeeding rate in the total sample was 85.0% (n = 5777). Only 6.3% (n = 428) of the children from the general sample were exclusively breastfed (EBF) for the duration of the first six months. EBF for four to six months was significantly (p < 0.001) less likely among mothers with formal education < 12 years (adjusted Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.61; 95% Confidence interval (CI) 0.44–0.85), smoking throughout pregnancy (adjusted OR = 0.39; 95% CI 0.24–0.62), overweight before pregnancy (adjusted OR = 0.67; 95%CI 0.47–0.95) and ≤25 years old. The median duration of any breastfeeding was five months. The prevalence of exclusive formula feeding during the first five months in the general sample was about 12% (n = 830). The prevalence of overweight and obesity at preschool age was 8.0% (n = 542) and 2.8% (n = 190), respectively. The study did not identify any significant association between breastfeeding practices and obesity in childhood when adjusted for relevant confounding factors (p > 0.05). It is likely that sociodemographic and lifestyle factors associated with breastfeeding practices may have an impact on childhood obesity. The identified lower than desirable rates and duration of breastfeeding practices should prompt enhanced efforts for effective promotion, protection, and support of breastfeeding across Europe, and in particular in regions with low BF rates. MDPI 2021-08-21 /pmc/articles/PMC8401161/ /pubmed/34445041 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13082880 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Usheva, Natalya
Lateva, Mina
Galcheva, Sonya
Koletzko, Berthold V.
Cardon, Greet
De Craemer, Marieke
Androutsos, Odysseas
Kotowska, Aneta
Socha, Piotr
Moreno, Luis A.
Manios, Yannis
Iotova, Violeta
Breastfeeding and Overweight in European Preschoolers: The ToyBox Study
title Breastfeeding and Overweight in European Preschoolers: The ToyBox Study
title_full Breastfeeding and Overweight in European Preschoolers: The ToyBox Study
title_fullStr Breastfeeding and Overweight in European Preschoolers: The ToyBox Study
title_full_unstemmed Breastfeeding and Overweight in European Preschoolers: The ToyBox Study
title_short Breastfeeding and Overweight in European Preschoolers: The ToyBox Study
title_sort breastfeeding and overweight in european preschoolers: the toybox study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8401161/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34445041
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13082880
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