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COVID-19 related treatment and outcomes among COVID-19 ICU patients: A retrospective cohort study

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic remains an immediate and present concern, yet as of now there is still no approved therapeutic available for the treatment of COVID-19.This study aimed to investigate and report evidence concerning demographic characteristics and currently-used medications that cont...

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Autores principales: Assiri, Abdullah, Iqbal, Mir J., Mohammed, Atheer, Alsaleh, Abdulrhman, Assiri, Ahmed, Noor, Adeeb, Nour, Redhwan, Khobrani, Moteb
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8401211/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34479079
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2021.08.030
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author Assiri, Abdullah
Iqbal, Mir J.
Mohammed, Atheer
Alsaleh, Abdulrhman
Assiri, Ahmed
Noor, Adeeb
Nour, Redhwan
Khobrani, Moteb
author_facet Assiri, Abdullah
Iqbal, Mir J.
Mohammed, Atheer
Alsaleh, Abdulrhman
Assiri, Ahmed
Noor, Adeeb
Nour, Redhwan
Khobrani, Moteb
author_sort Assiri, Abdullah
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic remains an immediate and present concern, yet as of now there is still no approved therapeutic available for the treatment of COVID-19.This study aimed to investigate and report evidence concerning demographic characteristics and currently-used medications that contribute to the ultimate outcomes of COVID-19 ICU patients. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted among all COVID-19 patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Asir Central Hospital in Saudi Arabia between the 1st and 30th of June 2020. Data extracted from patients’ medical records included their demographics, home medications, medications used to treat COVID-19, treatment durations, ICU stay, hospital stay, and ultimate outcome (recovery or death).Descriptive statistics and regression modelling were used to analyze and compare the results. The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committees at both Asir Central Hospital and King Khalid University. RESULTS: A total of 118 patients with median age of 57 years having definite clinical and disease outcomes were included in the study. Male patients accounted for 87% of the study population, and more than 65% experienced at least one comorbidity. The mean hospital and ICU stay was 11.4 and 9.8 days, respectively. The most common drugs used were tocilizumab (31.4%), triple combination therapy (45.8%), favipiravir (56.8%), dexamethasone (86.7%), and enoxaparin (83%). Treatment with enoxaparin significantly reduced the length of ICU stay (p = 0.04) and was found to be associated with mortality reduction in patients aged 50−75 (p = 0.03), whereas the triple regimen therapy and tocilizumab significantly increased the length of ICU stay in all patients (p = 0.01, p = 0.02 respectively). CONCLUSION: COVID-19 tends to affect males more significantly than females. The use of enoxaparin is an important part of COVID-19 treatment, especially for those above 50 years of age, while the use of triple combination therapy and tocilizumab in COVID-19 protocols should be reevaluated and restricted to patients who have high likelihood of benefit.
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spelling pubmed-84012112021-08-30 COVID-19 related treatment and outcomes among COVID-19 ICU patients: A retrospective cohort study Assiri, Abdullah Iqbal, Mir J. Mohammed, Atheer Alsaleh, Abdulrhman Assiri, Ahmed Noor, Adeeb Nour, Redhwan Khobrani, Moteb J Infect Public Health Original Article BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic remains an immediate and present concern, yet as of now there is still no approved therapeutic available for the treatment of COVID-19.This study aimed to investigate and report evidence concerning demographic characteristics and currently-used medications that contribute to the ultimate outcomes of COVID-19 ICU patients. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted among all COVID-19 patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Asir Central Hospital in Saudi Arabia between the 1st and 30th of June 2020. Data extracted from patients’ medical records included their demographics, home medications, medications used to treat COVID-19, treatment durations, ICU stay, hospital stay, and ultimate outcome (recovery or death).Descriptive statistics and regression modelling were used to analyze and compare the results. The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committees at both Asir Central Hospital and King Khalid University. RESULTS: A total of 118 patients with median age of 57 years having definite clinical and disease outcomes were included in the study. Male patients accounted for 87% of the study population, and more than 65% experienced at least one comorbidity. The mean hospital and ICU stay was 11.4 and 9.8 days, respectively. The most common drugs used were tocilizumab (31.4%), triple combination therapy (45.8%), favipiravir (56.8%), dexamethasone (86.7%), and enoxaparin (83%). Treatment with enoxaparin significantly reduced the length of ICU stay (p = 0.04) and was found to be associated with mortality reduction in patients aged 50−75 (p = 0.03), whereas the triple regimen therapy and tocilizumab significantly increased the length of ICU stay in all patients (p = 0.01, p = 0.02 respectively). CONCLUSION: COVID-19 tends to affect males more significantly than females. The use of enoxaparin is an important part of COVID-19 treatment, especially for those above 50 years of age, while the use of triple combination therapy and tocilizumab in COVID-19 protocols should be reevaluated and restricted to patients who have high likelihood of benefit. The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences. 2021-09 2021-08-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8401211/ /pubmed/34479079 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2021.08.030 Text en © 2021 The Author(s) Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
spellingShingle Original Article
Assiri, Abdullah
Iqbal, Mir J.
Mohammed, Atheer
Alsaleh, Abdulrhman
Assiri, Ahmed
Noor, Adeeb
Nour, Redhwan
Khobrani, Moteb
COVID-19 related treatment and outcomes among COVID-19 ICU patients: A retrospective cohort study
title COVID-19 related treatment and outcomes among COVID-19 ICU patients: A retrospective cohort study
title_full COVID-19 related treatment and outcomes among COVID-19 ICU patients: A retrospective cohort study
title_fullStr COVID-19 related treatment and outcomes among COVID-19 ICU patients: A retrospective cohort study
title_full_unstemmed COVID-19 related treatment and outcomes among COVID-19 ICU patients: A retrospective cohort study
title_short COVID-19 related treatment and outcomes among COVID-19 ICU patients: A retrospective cohort study
title_sort covid-19 related treatment and outcomes among covid-19 icu patients: a retrospective cohort study
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8401211/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34479079
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2021.08.030
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