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Allelopathic and Herbicidal Effects of Crude Extract from Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King and H.Rob. on Echinochloa crus-galli and Amaranthus viridis

The present study was aimed at investigating the allelopathic effects of a crude extract from Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King and H.Rob. (Siam weed). The effects of 70% crude ethanol extract from the whole plant, leaf, stem, and root on the germination and growth of Echinochloa crus-galli and Amar...

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Autores principales: Poonpaiboonpipat, Thanatsan, Krumsri, Ramida, Kato-Noguchi, Hisashi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8401274/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34451653
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10081609
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author Poonpaiboonpipat, Thanatsan
Krumsri, Ramida
Kato-Noguchi, Hisashi
author_facet Poonpaiboonpipat, Thanatsan
Krumsri, Ramida
Kato-Noguchi, Hisashi
author_sort Poonpaiboonpipat, Thanatsan
collection PubMed
description The present study was aimed at investigating the allelopathic effects of a crude extract from Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King and H.Rob. (Siam weed). The effects of 70% crude ethanol extract from the whole plant, leaf, stem, and root on the germination and growth of Echinochloa crus-galli and Amaranthus viridis seedlings were evaluated using Petri-dish tests under laboratory conditions. Crude extracts from the leaf showed the highest inhibitory activity. The leaf extract (OR) was further separated by sequential solvent extraction to provide hexane (HX), ethyl acetate (ET), and butanol (BU) fractions, which were also evaluated using Petri-dish tests. The hexane fraction was significantly the most active; therefore, it was selected for formulation in a concentrated suspension and tested for its herbicidal characteristics. The formulation showed greater early post-emergence than post- and pre-emergence activities, respectively. The physiological mechanism of the formulation was tested against E. crus-galli and showed that chlorophyll a and b and the carotenoid contents of the leaf dramatically decreased when the concentration was increased, suggesting its ability to disrupt the process of photosynthesis. As thiobarbituric acid reactive substances also occurred in the leaf of E. crus-galli, this suggests lipid peroxidation and cell disruption. These results represent the possibility that C. odorata extract contains inhibitory compounds with herbicidal activity and could be used as an early post-emergence herbicide for weed control.
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spelling pubmed-84012742021-08-29 Allelopathic and Herbicidal Effects of Crude Extract from Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King and H.Rob. on Echinochloa crus-galli and Amaranthus viridis Poonpaiboonpipat, Thanatsan Krumsri, Ramida Kato-Noguchi, Hisashi Plants (Basel) Article The present study was aimed at investigating the allelopathic effects of a crude extract from Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King and H.Rob. (Siam weed). The effects of 70% crude ethanol extract from the whole plant, leaf, stem, and root on the germination and growth of Echinochloa crus-galli and Amaranthus viridis seedlings were evaluated using Petri-dish tests under laboratory conditions. Crude extracts from the leaf showed the highest inhibitory activity. The leaf extract (OR) was further separated by sequential solvent extraction to provide hexane (HX), ethyl acetate (ET), and butanol (BU) fractions, which were also evaluated using Petri-dish tests. The hexane fraction was significantly the most active; therefore, it was selected for formulation in a concentrated suspension and tested for its herbicidal characteristics. The formulation showed greater early post-emergence than post- and pre-emergence activities, respectively. The physiological mechanism of the formulation was tested against E. crus-galli and showed that chlorophyll a and b and the carotenoid contents of the leaf dramatically decreased when the concentration was increased, suggesting its ability to disrupt the process of photosynthesis. As thiobarbituric acid reactive substances also occurred in the leaf of E. crus-galli, this suggests lipid peroxidation and cell disruption. These results represent the possibility that C. odorata extract contains inhibitory compounds with herbicidal activity and could be used as an early post-emergence herbicide for weed control. MDPI 2021-08-05 /pmc/articles/PMC8401274/ /pubmed/34451653 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10081609 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Poonpaiboonpipat, Thanatsan
Krumsri, Ramida
Kato-Noguchi, Hisashi
Allelopathic and Herbicidal Effects of Crude Extract from Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King and H.Rob. on Echinochloa crus-galli and Amaranthus viridis
title Allelopathic and Herbicidal Effects of Crude Extract from Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King and H.Rob. on Echinochloa crus-galli and Amaranthus viridis
title_full Allelopathic and Herbicidal Effects of Crude Extract from Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King and H.Rob. on Echinochloa crus-galli and Amaranthus viridis
title_fullStr Allelopathic and Herbicidal Effects of Crude Extract from Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King and H.Rob. on Echinochloa crus-galli and Amaranthus viridis
title_full_unstemmed Allelopathic and Herbicidal Effects of Crude Extract from Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King and H.Rob. on Echinochloa crus-galli and Amaranthus viridis
title_short Allelopathic and Herbicidal Effects of Crude Extract from Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King and H.Rob. on Echinochloa crus-galli and Amaranthus viridis
title_sort allelopathic and herbicidal effects of crude extract from chromolaena odorata (l.) r.m.king and h.rob. on echinochloa crus-galli and amaranthus viridis
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8401274/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34451653
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10081609
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