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The Microvillar and Solitary Chemosensory Cells as the Novel Targets of Infection of SARS-CoV-2 in Syrian Golden Hamsters

Patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019, suffer from respiratory and non-respiratory symptoms. Among these symptoms, the loss of smell has attracted considerable attention. The objectives of this study were...

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Autores principales: Seo, Jin-Seok, Yoon, Sun-Woo, Hwang, Seung-Hyeon, Nam, Sung-Min, Nahm, Sang-Soep, Jeong, Jei-Hyun, Lee, Jiho, Youn, Ha-Na, Kim, Jun-Beom, Kim, Woosuk
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8402700/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34452517
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13081653
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author Seo, Jin-Seok
Yoon, Sun-Woo
Hwang, Seung-Hyeon
Nam, Sung-Min
Nahm, Sang-Soep
Jeong, Jei-Hyun
Lee, Jiho
Youn, Ha-Na
Kim, Jun-Beom
Kim, Woosuk
author_facet Seo, Jin-Seok
Yoon, Sun-Woo
Hwang, Seung-Hyeon
Nam, Sung-Min
Nahm, Sang-Soep
Jeong, Jei-Hyun
Lee, Jiho
Youn, Ha-Na
Kim, Jun-Beom
Kim, Woosuk
author_sort Seo, Jin-Seok
collection PubMed
description Patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019, suffer from respiratory and non-respiratory symptoms. Among these symptoms, the loss of smell has attracted considerable attention. The objectives of this study were to determine which cells are infected, what happens in the olfactory system after viral infection, and how these pathologic changes contribute to olfactory loss. For this purpose, Syrian golden hamsters were used. First, we verified the olfactory structures in the nasal cavity of Syrian golden hamsters, namely the main olfactory epithelium, the vomeronasal organ, and their cellular components. Second, we found angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 expression, a receptor protein of SARS-CoV-2, in both structures and infections of supporting, microvillar, and solitary chemosensory cells. Third, we observed pathological changes in the infected epithelium, including reduced thickness of the mucus layer, detached epithelia, indistinct layers of epithelia, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and apoptotic cells in the overall layers. We concluded that a structurally and functionally altered microenvironment influences olfactory function. We observed the regeneration of the damaged epithelium, and found multilayers of basal cells, indicating that they were activated and proliferating to reconstitute the injured epithelium.
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spelling pubmed-84027002021-08-29 The Microvillar and Solitary Chemosensory Cells as the Novel Targets of Infection of SARS-CoV-2 in Syrian Golden Hamsters Seo, Jin-Seok Yoon, Sun-Woo Hwang, Seung-Hyeon Nam, Sung-Min Nahm, Sang-Soep Jeong, Jei-Hyun Lee, Jiho Youn, Ha-Na Kim, Jun-Beom Kim, Woosuk Viruses Article Patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019, suffer from respiratory and non-respiratory symptoms. Among these symptoms, the loss of smell has attracted considerable attention. The objectives of this study were to determine which cells are infected, what happens in the olfactory system after viral infection, and how these pathologic changes contribute to olfactory loss. For this purpose, Syrian golden hamsters were used. First, we verified the olfactory structures in the nasal cavity of Syrian golden hamsters, namely the main olfactory epithelium, the vomeronasal organ, and their cellular components. Second, we found angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 expression, a receptor protein of SARS-CoV-2, in both structures and infections of supporting, microvillar, and solitary chemosensory cells. Third, we observed pathological changes in the infected epithelium, including reduced thickness of the mucus layer, detached epithelia, indistinct layers of epithelia, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and apoptotic cells in the overall layers. We concluded that a structurally and functionally altered microenvironment influences olfactory function. We observed the regeneration of the damaged epithelium, and found multilayers of basal cells, indicating that they were activated and proliferating to reconstitute the injured epithelium. MDPI 2021-08-20 /pmc/articles/PMC8402700/ /pubmed/34452517 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13081653 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Seo, Jin-Seok
Yoon, Sun-Woo
Hwang, Seung-Hyeon
Nam, Sung-Min
Nahm, Sang-Soep
Jeong, Jei-Hyun
Lee, Jiho
Youn, Ha-Na
Kim, Jun-Beom
Kim, Woosuk
The Microvillar and Solitary Chemosensory Cells as the Novel Targets of Infection of SARS-CoV-2 in Syrian Golden Hamsters
title The Microvillar and Solitary Chemosensory Cells as the Novel Targets of Infection of SARS-CoV-2 in Syrian Golden Hamsters
title_full The Microvillar and Solitary Chemosensory Cells as the Novel Targets of Infection of SARS-CoV-2 in Syrian Golden Hamsters
title_fullStr The Microvillar and Solitary Chemosensory Cells as the Novel Targets of Infection of SARS-CoV-2 in Syrian Golden Hamsters
title_full_unstemmed The Microvillar and Solitary Chemosensory Cells as the Novel Targets of Infection of SARS-CoV-2 in Syrian Golden Hamsters
title_short The Microvillar and Solitary Chemosensory Cells as the Novel Targets of Infection of SARS-CoV-2 in Syrian Golden Hamsters
title_sort microvillar and solitary chemosensory cells as the novel targets of infection of sars-cov-2 in syrian golden hamsters
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8402700/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34452517
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13081653
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