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Neurodevelopment in Children Exposed to Zika Virus: What Are the Consequences for Children Who Do Not Present with Microcephaly at Birth?
The relation of Zika virus (ZIKV) with microcephaly is well established. However, knowledge is lacking on later developmental outcomes in children with evidence of maternal ZIKV infection during pregnancy born without microcephaly. The objective of this analysis is to investigate the impact of prena...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8402706/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34452293 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13081427 |
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author | Sobral da Silva, Paula Fabiana Eickmann, Sophie Helena Ximenes, Ricardo Arraes de Alencar Martelli, Celina Maria Turchi Brickley, Elizabeth B. C. Lima, Marília Montarroyos, Ulisses R. de Carvalho, Maria Durce Costa Gomes Rodrigues, Laura Cunha de Araújo, Thalia Velho Barreto Ventura, Liana O. da Silva Oliveira, Danielle Maria Ferreira Ramos, Regina Coeli Miranda-Filho, Demócrito de Barros on behalf of the Microcephaly Epidemic Research Group (MERG), |
author_facet | Sobral da Silva, Paula Fabiana Eickmann, Sophie Helena Ximenes, Ricardo Arraes de Alencar Martelli, Celina Maria Turchi Brickley, Elizabeth B. C. Lima, Marília Montarroyos, Ulisses R. de Carvalho, Maria Durce Costa Gomes Rodrigues, Laura Cunha de Araújo, Thalia Velho Barreto Ventura, Liana O. da Silva Oliveira, Danielle Maria Ferreira Ramos, Regina Coeli Miranda-Filho, Demócrito de Barros on behalf of the Microcephaly Epidemic Research Group (MERG), |
author_sort | Sobral da Silva, Paula Fabiana |
collection | PubMed |
description | The relation of Zika virus (ZIKV) with microcephaly is well established. However, knowledge is lacking on later developmental outcomes in children with evidence of maternal ZIKV infection during pregnancy born without microcephaly. The objective of this analysis is to investigate the impact of prenatal exposure to ZIKV on neuropsychomotor development in children without microcephaly. We evaluated 274 children including 235 ZIKV exposed and 39 controls using the Bayley-III Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (BSIDIII) and neurological examination. We observed a difference in cognition with a borderline p-value (p = 0.052): 9.4% of exposed children and none of the unexposed control group had mild to moderate delays. The prevalence of delays in the language and motor domains did not differ significantly between ZIKV-exposed and unexposed children (language: 12.3% versus 12.8%; motor: 4.7% versus 2.6%). Notably, neurological examination results were predictive of neurodevelopmental delays in the BSIDIII assessments for exposed children: 46.7% of children with abnormalities on clinical neurological examination presented with delay in contrast to 17.8% among exposed children without apparent neurological abnormalities (p = 0.001). Overall, our findings suggest that relative to their unexposed peers, ZIKV-exposed children without microcephaly are not at considerably increased risk of neurodevelopmental impairment in the first 42 months of life, although a small group of children demonstrated higher frequencies of cognitive delay. It is important to highlight that in the group of exposed children, an abnormal neuroclinical examination may be a predictor of developmental delay. The article contributes to practical guidance and advances our knowledge about congenital Zika. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8402706 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84027062021-08-29 Neurodevelopment in Children Exposed to Zika Virus: What Are the Consequences for Children Who Do Not Present with Microcephaly at Birth? Sobral da Silva, Paula Fabiana Eickmann, Sophie Helena Ximenes, Ricardo Arraes de Alencar Martelli, Celina Maria Turchi Brickley, Elizabeth B. C. Lima, Marília Montarroyos, Ulisses R. de Carvalho, Maria Durce Costa Gomes Rodrigues, Laura Cunha de Araújo, Thalia Velho Barreto Ventura, Liana O. da Silva Oliveira, Danielle Maria Ferreira Ramos, Regina Coeli Miranda-Filho, Demócrito de Barros on behalf of the Microcephaly Epidemic Research Group (MERG), Viruses Article The relation of Zika virus (ZIKV) with microcephaly is well established. However, knowledge is lacking on later developmental outcomes in children with evidence of maternal ZIKV infection during pregnancy born without microcephaly. The objective of this analysis is to investigate the impact of prenatal exposure to ZIKV on neuropsychomotor development in children without microcephaly. We evaluated 274 children including 235 ZIKV exposed and 39 controls using the Bayley-III Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (BSIDIII) and neurological examination. We observed a difference in cognition with a borderline p-value (p = 0.052): 9.4% of exposed children and none of the unexposed control group had mild to moderate delays. The prevalence of delays in the language and motor domains did not differ significantly between ZIKV-exposed and unexposed children (language: 12.3% versus 12.8%; motor: 4.7% versus 2.6%). Notably, neurological examination results were predictive of neurodevelopmental delays in the BSIDIII assessments for exposed children: 46.7% of children with abnormalities on clinical neurological examination presented with delay in contrast to 17.8% among exposed children without apparent neurological abnormalities (p = 0.001). Overall, our findings suggest that relative to their unexposed peers, ZIKV-exposed children without microcephaly are not at considerably increased risk of neurodevelopmental impairment in the first 42 months of life, although a small group of children demonstrated higher frequencies of cognitive delay. It is important to highlight that in the group of exposed children, an abnormal neuroclinical examination may be a predictor of developmental delay. The article contributes to practical guidance and advances our knowledge about congenital Zika. MDPI 2021-07-22 /pmc/articles/PMC8402706/ /pubmed/34452293 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13081427 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Sobral da Silva, Paula Fabiana Eickmann, Sophie Helena Ximenes, Ricardo Arraes de Alencar Martelli, Celina Maria Turchi Brickley, Elizabeth B. C. Lima, Marília Montarroyos, Ulisses R. de Carvalho, Maria Durce Costa Gomes Rodrigues, Laura Cunha de Araújo, Thalia Velho Barreto Ventura, Liana O. da Silva Oliveira, Danielle Maria Ferreira Ramos, Regina Coeli Miranda-Filho, Demócrito de Barros on behalf of the Microcephaly Epidemic Research Group (MERG), Neurodevelopment in Children Exposed to Zika Virus: What Are the Consequences for Children Who Do Not Present with Microcephaly at Birth? |
title | Neurodevelopment in Children Exposed to Zika Virus: What Are the Consequences for Children Who Do Not Present with Microcephaly at Birth? |
title_full | Neurodevelopment in Children Exposed to Zika Virus: What Are the Consequences for Children Who Do Not Present with Microcephaly at Birth? |
title_fullStr | Neurodevelopment in Children Exposed to Zika Virus: What Are the Consequences for Children Who Do Not Present with Microcephaly at Birth? |
title_full_unstemmed | Neurodevelopment in Children Exposed to Zika Virus: What Are the Consequences for Children Who Do Not Present with Microcephaly at Birth? |
title_short | Neurodevelopment in Children Exposed to Zika Virus: What Are the Consequences for Children Who Do Not Present with Microcephaly at Birth? |
title_sort | neurodevelopment in children exposed to zika virus: what are the consequences for children who do not present with microcephaly at birth? |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8402706/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34452293 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13081427 |
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