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Epidemiology and Seasonality of Endemic Human Coronaviruses in South African and Zambian Children: A Case-Control Pneumonia Study

Endemic human coronaviruses (HCoV) are capable of causing a range of diseases from the common cold to pneumonia. We evaluated the epidemiology and seasonality of endemic HCoVs in children hospitalized with clinical pneumonia and among community controls living in countries with a high HIV burden, na...

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Autores principales: Baillie, Vicky L., Moore, David P., Mathunjwa, Azwifarwi, Park, Daniel E., Thea, Donald M., Kwenda, Geoffrey, Mwananyanda, Lawrence, Madhi, Shabir A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8402793/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34452378
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13081513
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author Baillie, Vicky L.
Moore, David P.
Mathunjwa, Azwifarwi
Park, Daniel E.
Thea, Donald M.
Kwenda, Geoffrey
Mwananyanda, Lawrence
Madhi, Shabir A.
author_facet Baillie, Vicky L.
Moore, David P.
Mathunjwa, Azwifarwi
Park, Daniel E.
Thea, Donald M.
Kwenda, Geoffrey
Mwananyanda, Lawrence
Madhi, Shabir A.
author_sort Baillie, Vicky L.
collection PubMed
description Endemic human coronaviruses (HCoV) are capable of causing a range of diseases from the common cold to pneumonia. We evaluated the epidemiology and seasonality of endemic HCoVs in children hospitalized with clinical pneumonia and among community controls living in countries with a high HIV burden, namely South Africa and Zambia, between August 2011 to October 2013. Nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swabs were collected from all cases and controls and tested for endemic HCoV species and 12 other respiratory viruses using a multiplex real-time PCR assay. We found that the likelihood of detecting endemic HCoV species was higher among asymptomatic controls than cases (11% vs. 7.2%; 95% CI: 1.2–2.0). This was however only observed among children > 6 months and was mainly driven by the Betacoronavirus endemic species (HCoV-OC43 and –HKU1). Endemic HCoV species were detected through the year; however, in Zambia, the endemic Betacoronavirus species tended to peak during the winter months (May–August). There was no association between HIV status and endemic HCoV detection.
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spelling pubmed-84027932021-08-29 Epidemiology and Seasonality of Endemic Human Coronaviruses in South African and Zambian Children: A Case-Control Pneumonia Study Baillie, Vicky L. Moore, David P. Mathunjwa, Azwifarwi Park, Daniel E. Thea, Donald M. Kwenda, Geoffrey Mwananyanda, Lawrence Madhi, Shabir A. Viruses Article Endemic human coronaviruses (HCoV) are capable of causing a range of diseases from the common cold to pneumonia. We evaluated the epidemiology and seasonality of endemic HCoVs in children hospitalized with clinical pneumonia and among community controls living in countries with a high HIV burden, namely South Africa and Zambia, between August 2011 to October 2013. Nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swabs were collected from all cases and controls and tested for endemic HCoV species and 12 other respiratory viruses using a multiplex real-time PCR assay. We found that the likelihood of detecting endemic HCoV species was higher among asymptomatic controls than cases (11% vs. 7.2%; 95% CI: 1.2–2.0). This was however only observed among children > 6 months and was mainly driven by the Betacoronavirus endemic species (HCoV-OC43 and –HKU1). Endemic HCoV species were detected through the year; however, in Zambia, the endemic Betacoronavirus species tended to peak during the winter months (May–August). There was no association between HIV status and endemic HCoV detection. MDPI 2021-07-31 /pmc/articles/PMC8402793/ /pubmed/34452378 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13081513 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Baillie, Vicky L.
Moore, David P.
Mathunjwa, Azwifarwi
Park, Daniel E.
Thea, Donald M.
Kwenda, Geoffrey
Mwananyanda, Lawrence
Madhi, Shabir A.
Epidemiology and Seasonality of Endemic Human Coronaviruses in South African and Zambian Children: A Case-Control Pneumonia Study
title Epidemiology and Seasonality of Endemic Human Coronaviruses in South African and Zambian Children: A Case-Control Pneumonia Study
title_full Epidemiology and Seasonality of Endemic Human Coronaviruses in South African and Zambian Children: A Case-Control Pneumonia Study
title_fullStr Epidemiology and Seasonality of Endemic Human Coronaviruses in South African and Zambian Children: A Case-Control Pneumonia Study
title_full_unstemmed Epidemiology and Seasonality of Endemic Human Coronaviruses in South African and Zambian Children: A Case-Control Pneumonia Study
title_short Epidemiology and Seasonality of Endemic Human Coronaviruses in South African and Zambian Children: A Case-Control Pneumonia Study
title_sort epidemiology and seasonality of endemic human coronaviruses in south african and zambian children: a case-control pneumonia study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8402793/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34452378
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13081513
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