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Natural Products against Sand Fly Vectors of Leishmaniosis: A Systematic Review

Leishmaniosis is a vector-borne disease transmitted to animals and humans by the bite of blood-sucking phlebotomine sand flies. These small insects play a crucial role in the diffusion of the disease. To date, the sole strategy recognized for the prevention of leishmaniosis is the use of topical rep...

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Autores principales: Pugliese, Michela, Gaglio, Gabriella, Passantino, Annamaria, Brianti, Emanuele, Napoli, Ettore
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8402801/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34437471
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci8080150
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author Pugliese, Michela
Gaglio, Gabriella
Passantino, Annamaria
Brianti, Emanuele
Napoli, Ettore
author_facet Pugliese, Michela
Gaglio, Gabriella
Passantino, Annamaria
Brianti, Emanuele
Napoli, Ettore
author_sort Pugliese, Michela
collection PubMed
description Leishmaniosis is a vector-borne disease transmitted to animals and humans by the bite of blood-sucking phlebotomine sand flies. These small insects play a crucial role in the diffusion of the disease. To date, the sole strategy recognized for the prevention of leishmaniosis is the use of topical repellent compounds against sand fly bites. Several synthetic insecticides and repellents have been developed; however, the wide and unprejudiced use of these formulations have led to the loss of their effectiveness and the development of resistance phenomena. Moreover, some of these synthetic repellents have severe detrimental effects on the environment and could represent a serious threat to both animal and human health. Recently, an increased interest in the research on alternative approaches to sand fly control has been expressed. In this study, we systematically reviewed the efforts of the scientific community to individuate a phytochemical alternative for the control of sand fly species recognized as vectors of Leishmania spp. Based on literature research using different electronic databases, a total of 527 potentially relevant studies were screened and narrowed down to a final 14 eligible scientific reports. Our analysis suggests that although there is a rapidly growing body of literature dedicated to botanical insecticides and repellents against sand fly vectors of Leishmania spp., much of this literature is limited to in vitro studies conducted in laboratory conditions, and only a few of them investigated the repellency of plant-based products. These studies highlighted that natural compounds display a really short period of action and this significantly limits the use of these products as an alternative to chemical-based repellents.
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spelling pubmed-84028012021-08-29 Natural Products against Sand Fly Vectors of Leishmaniosis: A Systematic Review Pugliese, Michela Gaglio, Gabriella Passantino, Annamaria Brianti, Emanuele Napoli, Ettore Vet Sci Systematic Review Leishmaniosis is a vector-borne disease transmitted to animals and humans by the bite of blood-sucking phlebotomine sand flies. These small insects play a crucial role in the diffusion of the disease. To date, the sole strategy recognized for the prevention of leishmaniosis is the use of topical repellent compounds against sand fly bites. Several synthetic insecticides and repellents have been developed; however, the wide and unprejudiced use of these formulations have led to the loss of their effectiveness and the development of resistance phenomena. Moreover, some of these synthetic repellents have severe detrimental effects on the environment and could represent a serious threat to both animal and human health. Recently, an increased interest in the research on alternative approaches to sand fly control has been expressed. In this study, we systematically reviewed the efforts of the scientific community to individuate a phytochemical alternative for the control of sand fly species recognized as vectors of Leishmania spp. Based on literature research using different electronic databases, a total of 527 potentially relevant studies were screened and narrowed down to a final 14 eligible scientific reports. Our analysis suggests that although there is a rapidly growing body of literature dedicated to botanical insecticides and repellents against sand fly vectors of Leishmania spp., much of this literature is limited to in vitro studies conducted in laboratory conditions, and only a few of them investigated the repellency of plant-based products. These studies highlighted that natural compounds display a really short period of action and this significantly limits the use of these products as an alternative to chemical-based repellents. MDPI 2021-07-30 /pmc/articles/PMC8402801/ /pubmed/34437471 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci8080150 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Systematic Review
Pugliese, Michela
Gaglio, Gabriella
Passantino, Annamaria
Brianti, Emanuele
Napoli, Ettore
Natural Products against Sand Fly Vectors of Leishmaniosis: A Systematic Review
title Natural Products against Sand Fly Vectors of Leishmaniosis: A Systematic Review
title_full Natural Products against Sand Fly Vectors of Leishmaniosis: A Systematic Review
title_fullStr Natural Products against Sand Fly Vectors of Leishmaniosis: A Systematic Review
title_full_unstemmed Natural Products against Sand Fly Vectors of Leishmaniosis: A Systematic Review
title_short Natural Products against Sand Fly Vectors of Leishmaniosis: A Systematic Review
title_sort natural products against sand fly vectors of leishmaniosis: a systematic review
topic Systematic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8402801/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34437471
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci8080150
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