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What works for whom in compassion training programs offered to practicing healthcare providers: a realist review

BACKGROUND: Patients and families want their healthcare to be delivered by healthcare providers that are both competent and compassionate. While compassion training has begun to emerge in healthcare education, there may be factors that facilitate or inhibit the uptake and implementation of training...

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Autores principales: Sinclair, Shane, Kondejewski, Jane, Jaggi, Priya, Roze des Ordons, Amanda L., Kassam, Aliya, Hayden, K. Alix, Harris, Daranne, Hack, Thomas F.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8403363/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34454489
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12909-021-02863-w
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author Sinclair, Shane
Kondejewski, Jane
Jaggi, Priya
Roze des Ordons, Amanda L.
Kassam, Aliya
Hayden, K. Alix
Harris, Daranne
Hack, Thomas F.
author_facet Sinclair, Shane
Kondejewski, Jane
Jaggi, Priya
Roze des Ordons, Amanda L.
Kassam, Aliya
Hayden, K. Alix
Harris, Daranne
Hack, Thomas F.
author_sort Sinclair, Shane
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Patients and families want their healthcare to be delivered by healthcare providers that are both competent and compassionate. While compassion training has begun to emerge in healthcare education, there may be factors that facilitate or inhibit the uptake and implementation of training into practice. This review identified the attributes that explain the successes and/or failures of compassion training programs offered to practicing healthcare providers. METHODS: Realist review methodology for knowledge synthesis was used to consider the contexts, mechanisms (resources and reasoning), and outcomes of compassion training for practicing healthcare providers to determine what works, for whom, and in what contexts. RESULTS: Two thousand nine hundred ninety-one articles underwent title and abstract screening, 53 articles underwent full text review, and data that contributed to the development of a program theory were extracted from 45 articles. Contexts included the clinical setting, healthcare provider characteristics, current state of the healthcare system, and personal factors relevant to individual healthcare providers. Mechanisms included workplace-based programs and participatory interventions that impacted teaching, learning, and the healthcare organization. Contexts were associated with certain mechanisms to effect change in learners’ attitudes, knowledge, skills and behaviors and the clinical process. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion this realist review determined that compassion training may engender compassionate healthcare practice if it becomes a key component of the infrastructure and vision of healthcare organizations, engages institutional participation, improves leadership at all levels, adopts a multimodal approach, and uses valid measures to assess outcomes. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12909-021-02863-w.
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spelling pubmed-84033632021-08-30 What works for whom in compassion training programs offered to practicing healthcare providers: a realist review Sinclair, Shane Kondejewski, Jane Jaggi, Priya Roze des Ordons, Amanda L. Kassam, Aliya Hayden, K. Alix Harris, Daranne Hack, Thomas F. BMC Med Educ Review BACKGROUND: Patients and families want their healthcare to be delivered by healthcare providers that are both competent and compassionate. While compassion training has begun to emerge in healthcare education, there may be factors that facilitate or inhibit the uptake and implementation of training into practice. This review identified the attributes that explain the successes and/or failures of compassion training programs offered to practicing healthcare providers. METHODS: Realist review methodology for knowledge synthesis was used to consider the contexts, mechanisms (resources and reasoning), and outcomes of compassion training for practicing healthcare providers to determine what works, for whom, and in what contexts. RESULTS: Two thousand nine hundred ninety-one articles underwent title and abstract screening, 53 articles underwent full text review, and data that contributed to the development of a program theory were extracted from 45 articles. Contexts included the clinical setting, healthcare provider characteristics, current state of the healthcare system, and personal factors relevant to individual healthcare providers. Mechanisms included workplace-based programs and participatory interventions that impacted teaching, learning, and the healthcare organization. Contexts were associated with certain mechanisms to effect change in learners’ attitudes, knowledge, skills and behaviors and the clinical process. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion this realist review determined that compassion training may engender compassionate healthcare practice if it becomes a key component of the infrastructure and vision of healthcare organizations, engages institutional participation, improves leadership at all levels, adopts a multimodal approach, and uses valid measures to assess outcomes. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12909-021-02863-w. BioMed Central 2021-08-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8403363/ /pubmed/34454489 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12909-021-02863-w Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Review
Sinclair, Shane
Kondejewski, Jane
Jaggi, Priya
Roze des Ordons, Amanda L.
Kassam, Aliya
Hayden, K. Alix
Harris, Daranne
Hack, Thomas F.
What works for whom in compassion training programs offered to practicing healthcare providers: a realist review
title What works for whom in compassion training programs offered to practicing healthcare providers: a realist review
title_full What works for whom in compassion training programs offered to practicing healthcare providers: a realist review
title_fullStr What works for whom in compassion training programs offered to practicing healthcare providers: a realist review
title_full_unstemmed What works for whom in compassion training programs offered to practicing healthcare providers: a realist review
title_short What works for whom in compassion training programs offered to practicing healthcare providers: a realist review
title_sort what works for whom in compassion training programs offered to practicing healthcare providers: a realist review
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8403363/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34454489
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12909-021-02863-w
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