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Structure of epidemic models: toward further applications in economics
In this paper, we review the structure of various epidemic models in mathematical epidemiology for the future applications in economics. The heterogeneity of population and the generalization of nonlinear terms play important roles in making more elaborate and realistic models. The basic, effective,...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Springer Singapore
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8405350/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34483700 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42973-021-00094-8 |
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author | Kuniya, Toshikazu |
author_facet | Kuniya, Toshikazu |
author_sort | Kuniya, Toshikazu |
collection | PubMed |
description | In this paper, we review the structure of various epidemic models in mathematical epidemiology for the future applications in economics. The heterogeneity of population and the generalization of nonlinear terms play important roles in making more elaborate and realistic models. The basic, effective, control and type reproduction numbers have been used to estimate the intensity of epidemic, to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions and to design appropriate interventions. The advanced epidemic models includes the age structure, seasonality, spatial diffusion, mutation and reinfection, and the theory of reproduction numbers has been generalized to them. In particular, the existence of sustained periodic solutions has attracted much interest because they can explain the recurrent waves of epidemic. Although the theory of epidemic models has been developed in decades and the development has been accelerated through COVID-19, it is still difficult to completely answer the uncertainty problem of epidemic models. We would have to mind that there is no single model that can solve all questions and build a scientific attitude to comprehensively understand the results obtained by various researchers from different backgrounds. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8405350 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Springer Singapore |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84053502021-08-31 Structure of epidemic models: toward further applications in economics Kuniya, Toshikazu Jpn Econ Rev (Oxf) Special Issue: Article In this paper, we review the structure of various epidemic models in mathematical epidemiology for the future applications in economics. The heterogeneity of population and the generalization of nonlinear terms play important roles in making more elaborate and realistic models. The basic, effective, control and type reproduction numbers have been used to estimate the intensity of epidemic, to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions and to design appropriate interventions. The advanced epidemic models includes the age structure, seasonality, spatial diffusion, mutation and reinfection, and the theory of reproduction numbers has been generalized to them. In particular, the existence of sustained periodic solutions has attracted much interest because they can explain the recurrent waves of epidemic. Although the theory of epidemic models has been developed in decades and the development has been accelerated through COVID-19, it is still difficult to completely answer the uncertainty problem of epidemic models. We would have to mind that there is no single model that can solve all questions and build a scientific attitude to comprehensively understand the results obtained by various researchers from different backgrounds. Springer Singapore 2021-08-31 2021 /pmc/articles/PMC8405350/ /pubmed/34483700 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42973-021-00094-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Special Issue: Article Kuniya, Toshikazu Structure of epidemic models: toward further applications in economics |
title | Structure of epidemic models: toward further applications in economics |
title_full | Structure of epidemic models: toward further applications in economics |
title_fullStr | Structure of epidemic models: toward further applications in economics |
title_full_unstemmed | Structure of epidemic models: toward further applications in economics |
title_short | Structure of epidemic models: toward further applications in economics |
title_sort | structure of epidemic models: toward further applications in economics |
topic | Special Issue: Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8405350/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34483700 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42973-021-00094-8 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT kuniyatoshikazu structureofepidemicmodelstowardfurtherapplicationsineconomics |