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Impact of the dog population and household environment for the maintenance of natural foci of Leishmania infantum transmission to human and animal hosts in endemic areas for visceral leishmaniasis in Sao Paulo state, Brazil
When it comes to visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Brazil, one of the main targets of public health policies of surveillance is the control of domestic canine reservoirs of Leishmania infantum. This paper aims to evaluate the effect of the dog population and household environment for the maintenance of...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8407543/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34464421 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256534 |
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author | Matsumoto, Patricia Sayuri Silvestre Hiramoto, Roberto Mitsuyoshi Pereira, Virgínia Bodelão Richini Camprigher, Valéria Medina Taniguchi, Helena Hilomi de Raeffray Barbosa, José Eduardo Cortez, Luiz Ricardo Paes de Barros Fonseca, Elivelton da Silva Guimarães, Raul Borges Tolezano, José Eduardo |
author_facet | Matsumoto, Patricia Sayuri Silvestre Hiramoto, Roberto Mitsuyoshi Pereira, Virgínia Bodelão Richini Camprigher, Valéria Medina Taniguchi, Helena Hilomi de Raeffray Barbosa, José Eduardo Cortez, Luiz Ricardo Paes de Barros Fonseca, Elivelton da Silva Guimarães, Raul Borges Tolezano, José Eduardo |
author_sort | Matsumoto, Patricia Sayuri Silvestre |
collection | PubMed |
description | When it comes to visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Brazil, one of the main targets of public health policies of surveillance is the control of domestic canine reservoirs of Leishmania infantum. This paper aims to evaluate the effect of the dog population and household environment for the maintenance of natural foci in the transmission to human and animal hosts in an endemic city for VL, Bauru, in Brazil. We collected 6,578 blood samples of dogs living in 3,916 households from Nov.2019 to Mar.2020 and applied geospatial models to predict the disease risk based on the canine population. We used Kernel density estimation, cluster analysis, geostatistics, and Generalized Additive Models (GAM). To validate our models, we used cross-validation and created a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. We found an overall canine VL (CVL) seroprevalence of 5.6% for the sampled dogs, while for the households, the positivity rate was 8.7%. Odds ratios (OR) for CVL increased progressively according to the number of canines for >2 dogs (OR 2.70); households that already had CVL in the past increased the chances for CVL currently (OR 2.73); and the cases of CVL increase the chances for human VL cases (OR 1.16). Our models were statistically significant and demonstrated a spatial association between canine and human disease cases, mainly in VL foci that remain endemic. Although the Kernel density ratio map had the best performance (AUC = 82), all the models showed high risk in the city’s northwest area. Canine population dynamics must be considered in public policies, and geospatial methods may help target priority areas and planning VL surveillance in low and middle-income countries. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8407543 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84075432021-09-01 Impact of the dog population and household environment for the maintenance of natural foci of Leishmania infantum transmission to human and animal hosts in endemic areas for visceral leishmaniasis in Sao Paulo state, Brazil Matsumoto, Patricia Sayuri Silvestre Hiramoto, Roberto Mitsuyoshi Pereira, Virgínia Bodelão Richini Camprigher, Valéria Medina Taniguchi, Helena Hilomi de Raeffray Barbosa, José Eduardo Cortez, Luiz Ricardo Paes de Barros Fonseca, Elivelton da Silva Guimarães, Raul Borges Tolezano, José Eduardo PLoS One Research Article When it comes to visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Brazil, one of the main targets of public health policies of surveillance is the control of domestic canine reservoirs of Leishmania infantum. This paper aims to evaluate the effect of the dog population and household environment for the maintenance of natural foci in the transmission to human and animal hosts in an endemic city for VL, Bauru, in Brazil. We collected 6,578 blood samples of dogs living in 3,916 households from Nov.2019 to Mar.2020 and applied geospatial models to predict the disease risk based on the canine population. We used Kernel density estimation, cluster analysis, geostatistics, and Generalized Additive Models (GAM). To validate our models, we used cross-validation and created a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. We found an overall canine VL (CVL) seroprevalence of 5.6% for the sampled dogs, while for the households, the positivity rate was 8.7%. Odds ratios (OR) for CVL increased progressively according to the number of canines for >2 dogs (OR 2.70); households that already had CVL in the past increased the chances for CVL currently (OR 2.73); and the cases of CVL increase the chances for human VL cases (OR 1.16). Our models were statistically significant and demonstrated a spatial association between canine and human disease cases, mainly in VL foci that remain endemic. Although the Kernel density ratio map had the best performance (AUC = 82), all the models showed high risk in the city’s northwest area. Canine population dynamics must be considered in public policies, and geospatial methods may help target priority areas and planning VL surveillance in low and middle-income countries. Public Library of Science 2021-08-31 /pmc/articles/PMC8407543/ /pubmed/34464421 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256534 Text en © 2021 Matsumoto et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Matsumoto, Patricia Sayuri Silvestre Hiramoto, Roberto Mitsuyoshi Pereira, Virgínia Bodelão Richini Camprigher, Valéria Medina Taniguchi, Helena Hilomi de Raeffray Barbosa, José Eduardo Cortez, Luiz Ricardo Paes de Barros Fonseca, Elivelton da Silva Guimarães, Raul Borges Tolezano, José Eduardo Impact of the dog population and household environment for the maintenance of natural foci of Leishmania infantum transmission to human and animal hosts in endemic areas for visceral leishmaniasis in Sao Paulo state, Brazil |
title | Impact of the dog population and household environment for the maintenance of natural foci of Leishmania infantum transmission to human and animal hosts in endemic areas for visceral leishmaniasis in Sao Paulo state, Brazil |
title_full | Impact of the dog population and household environment for the maintenance of natural foci of Leishmania infantum transmission to human and animal hosts in endemic areas for visceral leishmaniasis in Sao Paulo state, Brazil |
title_fullStr | Impact of the dog population and household environment for the maintenance of natural foci of Leishmania infantum transmission to human and animal hosts in endemic areas for visceral leishmaniasis in Sao Paulo state, Brazil |
title_full_unstemmed | Impact of the dog population and household environment for the maintenance of natural foci of Leishmania infantum transmission to human and animal hosts in endemic areas for visceral leishmaniasis in Sao Paulo state, Brazil |
title_short | Impact of the dog population and household environment for the maintenance of natural foci of Leishmania infantum transmission to human and animal hosts in endemic areas for visceral leishmaniasis in Sao Paulo state, Brazil |
title_sort | impact of the dog population and household environment for the maintenance of natural foci of leishmania infantum transmission to human and animal hosts in endemic areas for visceral leishmaniasis in sao paulo state, brazil |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8407543/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34464421 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256534 |
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