Progress in Iron Oxides Based Nanostructures for Applications in Energy Storage

The demand for green and efficient energy storage devices in daily life is constantly rising, which is caused by the global environment and energy problems. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), an important kind of energy storage devices, are attracting much attention. Graphite is used as LIBs anode, however, its theoretical capacity is low, so it is necessary to develop LIBs anode with higher capacity. Application strategies and research progresses of novel iron oxides and their composites as LIBs anode in recent years are summarized in this review. Herein we enumerate several typical synthesis methods to obtain a variety of iron oxides based nanostructures, such as gas phase deposition, co-precipitation, electrochemical method, etc. For characterization of the iron oxides based nanostructures, especially the in-situ X-ray diffraction and (57)Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy are elaborated. Furthermore, the electrochemical applications of iron oxides based nanostructures and their composites are discussed and summarized. Graphic Abstract [Image: see text]