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Duration of post–COVID-19 symptoms is associated with sustained SARS-CoV-2–specific immune responses

A subset of COVID-19 patients exhibit post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC), but little is known about the immune signatures associated with these syndromes. We investigated longitudinal peripheral blood samples in 50 individuals with previously confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, including 20 who expe...

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Autores principales: Files, Jacob K., Sarkar, Sanghita, Fram, Tim R., Boppana, Sushma, Sterrett, Sarah, Qin, Kai, Bansal, Anju, Long, Dustin M., Sabbaj, Steffanie, Kobie, James J., Goepfert, Paul A., Erdmann, Nathan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Society for Clinical Investigation 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8410022/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34143754
http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.151544
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author Files, Jacob K.
Sarkar, Sanghita
Fram, Tim R.
Boppana, Sushma
Sterrett, Sarah
Qin, Kai
Bansal, Anju
Long, Dustin M.
Sabbaj, Steffanie
Kobie, James J.
Goepfert, Paul A.
Erdmann, Nathan
author_facet Files, Jacob K.
Sarkar, Sanghita
Fram, Tim R.
Boppana, Sushma
Sterrett, Sarah
Qin, Kai
Bansal, Anju
Long, Dustin M.
Sabbaj, Steffanie
Kobie, James J.
Goepfert, Paul A.
Erdmann, Nathan
author_sort Files, Jacob K.
collection PubMed
description A subset of COVID-19 patients exhibit post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC), but little is known about the immune signatures associated with these syndromes. We investigated longitudinal peripheral blood samples in 50 individuals with previously confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, including 20 who experienced prolonged duration of COVID-19 symptoms (lasting more than 30 days; median = 74 days) compared with 30 who had symptom resolution within 20 days. Individuals with prolonged symptom duration maintained antigen-specific T cell response magnitudes to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in CD4(+) and circulating T follicular helper cell populations during late convalescence, while those without persistent symptoms demonstrated an expected decline. The prolonged group also displayed increased IgG avidity to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Significant correlations between symptom duration and both SARS-CoV-2–specific T cells and antibodies were observed. Activation and exhaustion markers were evaluated in multiple immune cell types, revealing few phenotypic differences between prolonged and recovered groups, suggesting that prolonged symptom duration is not due to persistent systemic inflammation. These findings demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2–specific immune responses are maintained in patients suffering from prolonged post–COVID-19 symptom duration in contrast to those with resolved symptoms and may suggest the persistence of viral antigens as an underlying etiology.
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spelling pubmed-84100222021-09-07 Duration of post–COVID-19 symptoms is associated with sustained SARS-CoV-2–specific immune responses Files, Jacob K. Sarkar, Sanghita Fram, Tim R. Boppana, Sushma Sterrett, Sarah Qin, Kai Bansal, Anju Long, Dustin M. Sabbaj, Steffanie Kobie, James J. Goepfert, Paul A. Erdmann, Nathan JCI Insight Research Article A subset of COVID-19 patients exhibit post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC), but little is known about the immune signatures associated with these syndromes. We investigated longitudinal peripheral blood samples in 50 individuals with previously confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, including 20 who experienced prolonged duration of COVID-19 symptoms (lasting more than 30 days; median = 74 days) compared with 30 who had symptom resolution within 20 days. Individuals with prolonged symptom duration maintained antigen-specific T cell response magnitudes to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in CD4(+) and circulating T follicular helper cell populations during late convalescence, while those without persistent symptoms demonstrated an expected decline. The prolonged group also displayed increased IgG avidity to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Significant correlations between symptom duration and both SARS-CoV-2–specific T cells and antibodies were observed. Activation and exhaustion markers were evaluated in multiple immune cell types, revealing few phenotypic differences between prolonged and recovered groups, suggesting that prolonged symptom duration is not due to persistent systemic inflammation. These findings demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2–specific immune responses are maintained in patients suffering from prolonged post–COVID-19 symptom duration in contrast to those with resolved symptoms and may suggest the persistence of viral antigens as an underlying etiology. American Society for Clinical Investigation 2021-08-09 /pmc/articles/PMC8410022/ /pubmed/34143754 http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.151544 Text en © 2021 Files et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Research Article
Files, Jacob K.
Sarkar, Sanghita
Fram, Tim R.
Boppana, Sushma
Sterrett, Sarah
Qin, Kai
Bansal, Anju
Long, Dustin M.
Sabbaj, Steffanie
Kobie, James J.
Goepfert, Paul A.
Erdmann, Nathan
Duration of post–COVID-19 symptoms is associated with sustained SARS-CoV-2–specific immune responses
title Duration of post–COVID-19 symptoms is associated with sustained SARS-CoV-2–specific immune responses
title_full Duration of post–COVID-19 symptoms is associated with sustained SARS-CoV-2–specific immune responses
title_fullStr Duration of post–COVID-19 symptoms is associated with sustained SARS-CoV-2–specific immune responses
title_full_unstemmed Duration of post–COVID-19 symptoms is associated with sustained SARS-CoV-2–specific immune responses
title_short Duration of post–COVID-19 symptoms is associated with sustained SARS-CoV-2–specific immune responses
title_sort duration of post–covid-19 symptoms is associated with sustained sars-cov-2–specific immune responses
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8410022/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34143754
http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.151544
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