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Carbon clusters formed from shocked benzene

Benzene (C(6)H(6)), while stable under ambient conditions, can become chemically reactive at high pressures and temperatures, such as under shock loading conditions. Here, we report in situ x-ray diffraction and small angle x-ray scattering measurements of liquid benzene shocked to 55 GPa, capturing...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Dattelbaum, D. M., Watkins, E. B., Firestone, M. A., Huber, R. C., Gustavsen, R. L., Ringstrand, B. S., Coe, J. D., Podlesak, D., Gleason, A. E., Lee, H. J., Galtier, E., Sandberg, R. L.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8410786/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34471110
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-25471-0
Descripción
Sumario:Benzene (C(6)H(6)), while stable under ambient conditions, can become chemically reactive at high pressures and temperatures, such as under shock loading conditions. Here, we report in situ x-ray diffraction and small angle x-ray scattering measurements of liquid benzene shocked to 55 GPa, capturing the morphology and crystalline structure of the shock-driven reaction products at nanosecond timescales. The shock-driven chemical reactions in benzene observed using coherent XFEL x-rays were a complex mixture of products composed of carbon and hydrocarbon allotropes. In contrast to the conventional description of diamond, methane and hydrogen formation, our present results indicate that benzene’s shock-driven reaction products consist of layered sheet-like hydrocarbon structures and nanosized carbon clusters with mixed sp(2)-sp(3) hybridized bonding. Implications of these findings range from guiding shock synthesis of novel compounds to the fundamentals of carbon transport in planetary physics.