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They Might Cut It—Lysosomes and Autophagy in Mitotic Progression
The division of one cell into two looks so easy, as if it happens without any control at all. Mitosis, the hallmark of mammalian life is, however, tightly regulated from the early onset to the very last phase. Despite the tight control, errors in mitotic division occur frequently and they may result...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8414588/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34485308 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2021.727538 |
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author | Hämälistö, Saara Stahl-Meyer, Jonathan Jäättelä, Marja |
author_facet | Hämälistö, Saara Stahl-Meyer, Jonathan Jäättelä, Marja |
author_sort | Hämälistö, Saara |
collection | PubMed |
description | The division of one cell into two looks so easy, as if it happens without any control at all. Mitosis, the hallmark of mammalian life is, however, tightly regulated from the early onset to the very last phase. Despite the tight control, errors in mitotic division occur frequently and they may result in various chromosomal instabilities and malignancies. The flow of events during mitotic progression where the chromosomes condensate and rearrange with the help of the cytoskeletal network has been described in great detail. Plasma membrane dynamics and endocytic vesicle movement upon deadhesion and reattachment of dividing cells are also demonstrated to be functionally important for the mitotic integrity. Other cytoplasmic organelles, such as autophagosomes and lysosomes, have until recently been considered merely as passive bystanders in this process. Accordingly, at the onset of nuclear envelope breakdown in prometaphase, the number of autophagic structures and lysosomes is reduced and the bulk autophagic machinery is suppressed for the duration of mitosis. This is believed to ensure that the exposed nuclear components are not unintentionally delivered to autophagic degradation. With the evolving technologies that allow the detection of subtle alterations in cytoplasmic organelles, our understanding of the small-scale regulation of intracellular organelles has deepened rapidly and we discuss here recent discoveries revealing unexpected roles for autophagy and lysosomes in the preservation of genomic integrity during mitosis. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8414588 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84145882021-09-04 They Might Cut It—Lysosomes and Autophagy in Mitotic Progression Hämälistö, Saara Stahl-Meyer, Jonathan Jäättelä, Marja Front Cell Dev Biol Cell and Developmental Biology The division of one cell into two looks so easy, as if it happens without any control at all. Mitosis, the hallmark of mammalian life is, however, tightly regulated from the early onset to the very last phase. Despite the tight control, errors in mitotic division occur frequently and they may result in various chromosomal instabilities and malignancies. The flow of events during mitotic progression where the chromosomes condensate and rearrange with the help of the cytoskeletal network has been described in great detail. Plasma membrane dynamics and endocytic vesicle movement upon deadhesion and reattachment of dividing cells are also demonstrated to be functionally important for the mitotic integrity. Other cytoplasmic organelles, such as autophagosomes and lysosomes, have until recently been considered merely as passive bystanders in this process. Accordingly, at the onset of nuclear envelope breakdown in prometaphase, the number of autophagic structures and lysosomes is reduced and the bulk autophagic machinery is suppressed for the duration of mitosis. This is believed to ensure that the exposed nuclear components are not unintentionally delivered to autophagic degradation. With the evolving technologies that allow the detection of subtle alterations in cytoplasmic organelles, our understanding of the small-scale regulation of intracellular organelles has deepened rapidly and we discuss here recent discoveries revealing unexpected roles for autophagy and lysosomes in the preservation of genomic integrity during mitosis. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-08-13 /pmc/articles/PMC8414588/ /pubmed/34485308 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2021.727538 Text en Copyright © 2021 Hämälistö, Stahl-Meyer and Jäättelä. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Cell and Developmental Biology Hämälistö, Saara Stahl-Meyer, Jonathan Jäättelä, Marja They Might Cut It—Lysosomes and Autophagy in Mitotic Progression |
title | They Might Cut It—Lysosomes and Autophagy in Mitotic Progression |
title_full | They Might Cut It—Lysosomes and Autophagy in Mitotic Progression |
title_fullStr | They Might Cut It—Lysosomes and Autophagy in Mitotic Progression |
title_full_unstemmed | They Might Cut It—Lysosomes and Autophagy in Mitotic Progression |
title_short | They Might Cut It—Lysosomes and Autophagy in Mitotic Progression |
title_sort | they might cut it—lysosomes and autophagy in mitotic progression |
topic | Cell and Developmental Biology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8414588/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34485308 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2021.727538 |
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