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A Systematic Review of Neighborhood-Level Influences on HIV Vulnerability

A better understanding of the social-structural factors that influence HIV vulnerability is crucial to achieve the goal of ending the HIV epidemic by 2030. Given the role of neighborhoods in HIV outcomes, synthesis of findings from such research is key to inform efforts toward HIV eradication. We co...

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Autores principales: Brawner, Bridgette M., Kerr, Jelani, Castle, Billie F., Bannon, Jaqueline A., Bonett, Stephen, Stevens, Robin, James, Richard, Bowleg, Lisa
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer US 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8415438/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34480256
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-021-03448-w
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author Brawner, Bridgette M.
Kerr, Jelani
Castle, Billie F.
Bannon, Jaqueline A.
Bonett, Stephen
Stevens, Robin
James, Richard
Bowleg, Lisa
author_facet Brawner, Bridgette M.
Kerr, Jelani
Castle, Billie F.
Bannon, Jaqueline A.
Bonett, Stephen
Stevens, Robin
James, Richard
Bowleg, Lisa
author_sort Brawner, Bridgette M.
collection PubMed
description A better understanding of the social-structural factors that influence HIV vulnerability is crucial to achieve the goal of ending the HIV epidemic by 2030. Given the role of neighborhoods in HIV outcomes, synthesis of findings from such research is key to inform efforts toward HIV eradication. We conducted a systematic review to examine the relationship between neighborhood-level factors (e.g., poverty) and HIV vulnerability (via sexual behaviors and substance use). We searched six electronic databases for studies published from January 1, 2007 through November 30, 2017 (PROSPERO CRD42018084384). We also mapped the studies’ geographic distribution to determine whether they aligned with high HIV prevalence areas and/or the “Ending the HIV Epidemic: A Plan for the United States”. Fifty-five articles met inclusion criteria. Neighborhood disadvantage, whether measured objectively or subjectively, is one of the most robust correlates of HIV vulnerability. Tests of associations more consistently documented a relationship between neighborhood-level factors and drug use than sexual risk behaviors. There was limited geographic distribution of the studies, with a paucity of research in several counties and states where HIV incidence/prevalence is a concern. Neighborhood influences on HIV vulnerability are the consequence of centuries-old laws, policies and practices that maintain racialized inequities (e.g., racial residential segregation, inequitable urban housing policies). We will not eradicate HIV without multi-level, neighborhood-based approaches to undo these injustices. Our findings inform future research, interventions and policies.
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spelling pubmed-84154382021-09-07 A Systematic Review of Neighborhood-Level Influences on HIV Vulnerability Brawner, Bridgette M. Kerr, Jelani Castle, Billie F. Bannon, Jaqueline A. Bonett, Stephen Stevens, Robin James, Richard Bowleg, Lisa AIDS Behav Substantive Review A better understanding of the social-structural factors that influence HIV vulnerability is crucial to achieve the goal of ending the HIV epidemic by 2030. Given the role of neighborhoods in HIV outcomes, synthesis of findings from such research is key to inform efforts toward HIV eradication. We conducted a systematic review to examine the relationship between neighborhood-level factors (e.g., poverty) and HIV vulnerability (via sexual behaviors and substance use). We searched six electronic databases for studies published from January 1, 2007 through November 30, 2017 (PROSPERO CRD42018084384). We also mapped the studies’ geographic distribution to determine whether they aligned with high HIV prevalence areas and/or the “Ending the HIV Epidemic: A Plan for the United States”. Fifty-five articles met inclusion criteria. Neighborhood disadvantage, whether measured objectively or subjectively, is one of the most robust correlates of HIV vulnerability. Tests of associations more consistently documented a relationship between neighborhood-level factors and drug use than sexual risk behaviors. There was limited geographic distribution of the studies, with a paucity of research in several counties and states where HIV incidence/prevalence is a concern. Neighborhood influences on HIV vulnerability are the consequence of centuries-old laws, policies and practices that maintain racialized inequities (e.g., racial residential segregation, inequitable urban housing policies). We will not eradicate HIV without multi-level, neighborhood-based approaches to undo these injustices. Our findings inform future research, interventions and policies. Springer US 2021-09-03 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC8415438/ /pubmed/34480256 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-021-03448-w Text en © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2021 This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.
spellingShingle Substantive Review
Brawner, Bridgette M.
Kerr, Jelani
Castle, Billie F.
Bannon, Jaqueline A.
Bonett, Stephen
Stevens, Robin
James, Richard
Bowleg, Lisa
A Systematic Review of Neighborhood-Level Influences on HIV Vulnerability
title A Systematic Review of Neighborhood-Level Influences on HIV Vulnerability
title_full A Systematic Review of Neighborhood-Level Influences on HIV Vulnerability
title_fullStr A Systematic Review of Neighborhood-Level Influences on HIV Vulnerability
title_full_unstemmed A Systematic Review of Neighborhood-Level Influences on HIV Vulnerability
title_short A Systematic Review of Neighborhood-Level Influences on HIV Vulnerability
title_sort systematic review of neighborhood-level influences on hiv vulnerability
topic Substantive Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8415438/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34480256
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-021-03448-w
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