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Humoral Responses to Single-Dose BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccination in Dialysis Patients Previously Infected With SARS-CoV-2

Seroconversion rates following infection and vaccination are lower in dialysis patients compared to healthy controls. There is an urgent need for the characterization of humoral responses and success of a single-dose SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in previously infected dialysis patients. We performed a dua...

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Autores principales: Speer, Claudius, Morath, Christian, Töllner, Maximilian, Buylaert, Mirabel, Göth, Daniel, Nusshag, Christian, Kälble, Florian, Schaier, Matthias, Grenz, Julia, Kreysing, Martin, Reichel, Paula, Hidmark, Asa, Ponath, Gerald, Schnitzler, Paul, Zeier, Martin, Süsal, Caner, Klein, Katrin, Benning, Louise
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8415834/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34485347
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.721286
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author Speer, Claudius
Morath, Christian
Töllner, Maximilian
Buylaert, Mirabel
Göth, Daniel
Nusshag, Christian
Kälble, Florian
Schaier, Matthias
Grenz, Julia
Kreysing, Martin
Reichel, Paula
Hidmark, Asa
Ponath, Gerald
Schnitzler, Paul
Zeier, Martin
Süsal, Caner
Klein, Katrin
Benning, Louise
author_facet Speer, Claudius
Morath, Christian
Töllner, Maximilian
Buylaert, Mirabel
Göth, Daniel
Nusshag, Christian
Kälble, Florian
Schaier, Matthias
Grenz, Julia
Kreysing, Martin
Reichel, Paula
Hidmark, Asa
Ponath, Gerald
Schnitzler, Paul
Zeier, Martin
Süsal, Caner
Klein, Katrin
Benning, Louise
author_sort Speer, Claudius
collection PubMed
description Seroconversion rates following infection and vaccination are lower in dialysis patients compared to healthy controls. There is an urgent need for the characterization of humoral responses and success of a single-dose SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in previously infected dialysis patients. We performed a dual-center cohort study comparing three different groups: 25 unvaccinated hemodialysis patients after PCR-confirmed COVID-19 (Group 1), 43 hemodialysis patients after two-time BNT162b2 vaccination without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection (Group 2), and 13 single-dose vaccinated hemodialysis patients with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection (Group 3). Group 3 consists of seven patients from Group 1 and 6 additional patients with sera only available after single-dose vaccination. Anti-S1 IgG, neutralizing antibodies, and antibodies against various SARS-CoV-2 protein epitopes were measured 3 weeks after the first and 3 weeks after the second vaccination in patients without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, 6 weeks after the onset of COVID-19 in unvaccinated patients, and 3 weeks after single-dose vaccination in patients with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, respectively. Unvaccinated patients after COVID-19 showed a significantly higher neutralizing antibody capacity than two-time vaccinated patients without prior COVID-19 [median (IQR) percent inhibition 88.0 (71.5–95.5) vs. 50.7 (26.4–81.0); P = 0.018]. After one single vaccine dose, previously infected individuals generated 15- to 34-fold higher levels of anti-S1 IgG than age- and dialysis vintage-matched unvaccinated patients after infection or two-time vaccinated patients without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection with a median (IQR) index of 274 (151–791) compared to 18 (8–41) and 8 (1–21) (for both P < 0.001). With a median (IQR) percent inhibition of 97.6 (97.2–98.9), the neutralizing capacity of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was significantly higher in single-dose vaccinated patients with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to other groups (for both P < 0.01). Bead-based analysis showed high antibody reactivity against various SARS-CoV-2 spike protein epitopes after single-dose vaccination in previously infected patients. In conclusion, single-dose vaccination in previously infected dialysis patients induced a strong and broad antibody reactivity against various SARS-CoV-2 spike protein epitopes with high neutralizing capacity.
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spelling pubmed-84158342021-09-04 Humoral Responses to Single-Dose BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccination in Dialysis Patients Previously Infected With SARS-CoV-2 Speer, Claudius Morath, Christian Töllner, Maximilian Buylaert, Mirabel Göth, Daniel Nusshag, Christian Kälble, Florian Schaier, Matthias Grenz, Julia Kreysing, Martin Reichel, Paula Hidmark, Asa Ponath, Gerald Schnitzler, Paul Zeier, Martin Süsal, Caner Klein, Katrin Benning, Louise Front Med (Lausanne) Medicine Seroconversion rates following infection and vaccination are lower in dialysis patients compared to healthy controls. There is an urgent need for the characterization of humoral responses and success of a single-dose SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in previously infected dialysis patients. We performed a dual-center cohort study comparing three different groups: 25 unvaccinated hemodialysis patients after PCR-confirmed COVID-19 (Group 1), 43 hemodialysis patients after two-time BNT162b2 vaccination without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection (Group 2), and 13 single-dose vaccinated hemodialysis patients with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection (Group 3). Group 3 consists of seven patients from Group 1 and 6 additional patients with sera only available after single-dose vaccination. Anti-S1 IgG, neutralizing antibodies, and antibodies against various SARS-CoV-2 protein epitopes were measured 3 weeks after the first and 3 weeks after the second vaccination in patients without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, 6 weeks after the onset of COVID-19 in unvaccinated patients, and 3 weeks after single-dose vaccination in patients with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, respectively. Unvaccinated patients after COVID-19 showed a significantly higher neutralizing antibody capacity than two-time vaccinated patients without prior COVID-19 [median (IQR) percent inhibition 88.0 (71.5–95.5) vs. 50.7 (26.4–81.0); P = 0.018]. After one single vaccine dose, previously infected individuals generated 15- to 34-fold higher levels of anti-S1 IgG than age- and dialysis vintage-matched unvaccinated patients after infection or two-time vaccinated patients without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection with a median (IQR) index of 274 (151–791) compared to 18 (8–41) and 8 (1–21) (for both P < 0.001). With a median (IQR) percent inhibition of 97.6 (97.2–98.9), the neutralizing capacity of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was significantly higher in single-dose vaccinated patients with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to other groups (for both P < 0.01). Bead-based analysis showed high antibody reactivity against various SARS-CoV-2 spike protein epitopes after single-dose vaccination in previously infected patients. In conclusion, single-dose vaccination in previously infected dialysis patients induced a strong and broad antibody reactivity against various SARS-CoV-2 spike protein epitopes with high neutralizing capacity. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-08-17 /pmc/articles/PMC8415834/ /pubmed/34485347 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.721286 Text en Copyright © 2021 Speer, Morath, Töllner, Buylaert, Göth, Nusshag, Kälble, Schaier, Grenz, Kreysing, Reichel, Hidmark, Ponath, Schnitzler, Zeier, Süsal, Klein and Benning. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Medicine
Speer, Claudius
Morath, Christian
Töllner, Maximilian
Buylaert, Mirabel
Göth, Daniel
Nusshag, Christian
Kälble, Florian
Schaier, Matthias
Grenz, Julia
Kreysing, Martin
Reichel, Paula
Hidmark, Asa
Ponath, Gerald
Schnitzler, Paul
Zeier, Martin
Süsal, Caner
Klein, Katrin
Benning, Louise
Humoral Responses to Single-Dose BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccination in Dialysis Patients Previously Infected With SARS-CoV-2
title Humoral Responses to Single-Dose BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccination in Dialysis Patients Previously Infected With SARS-CoV-2
title_full Humoral Responses to Single-Dose BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccination in Dialysis Patients Previously Infected With SARS-CoV-2
title_fullStr Humoral Responses to Single-Dose BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccination in Dialysis Patients Previously Infected With SARS-CoV-2
title_full_unstemmed Humoral Responses to Single-Dose BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccination in Dialysis Patients Previously Infected With SARS-CoV-2
title_short Humoral Responses to Single-Dose BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccination in Dialysis Patients Previously Infected With SARS-CoV-2
title_sort humoral responses to single-dose bnt162b2 mrna vaccination in dialysis patients previously infected with sars-cov-2
topic Medicine
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8415834/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34485347
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.721286
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