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Update in Autoimmune Movement Disorders: Newly Described Antigen Targets in Autoimmune and Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Ataxia

Movement disorders are a common feature of many antibody-associated neurological disorders. In fact, cerebellar ataxia is one of the most common manifestations of autoimmune neurological diseases. Some of the first autoantibodies identified against antigen targets include anti-neuronal nuclear antib...

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Autores principales: Garza, Madeline, Piquet, Amanda L.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8416494/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34489848
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2021.683048
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author Garza, Madeline
Piquet, Amanda L.
author_facet Garza, Madeline
Piquet, Amanda L.
author_sort Garza, Madeline
collection PubMed
description Movement disorders are a common feature of many antibody-associated neurological disorders. In fact, cerebellar ataxia is one of the most common manifestations of autoimmune neurological diseases. Some of the first autoantibodies identified against antigen targets include anti-neuronal nuclear antibody type 1 (ANNA-1 or anti-Hu) and Purkinje cell cytoplasmic antibody (PCA-1) also known as anti-Yo have been identified in paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration. Historically these antibodies have been associated with an underlying malignancy; however, recently discovered antibodies can occur in the absence of cancer as well, resulting in the clinical syndrome of autoimmune cerebellar ataxia. The pace of discovery of new antibodies associated with autoimmune or paraneoplastic cerebellar ataxia has increased rapidly over the last few years, and pathogenesis and potential treatment options remains to be explored. Here we will review the literature on recently discovered antibodies associated with autoimmune and paraneoplastic cerebellar ataxia including adaptor protein-3B2 (AP3B2); inositol 1,4,5-trisphophate receptor type 1 (ITPR1); tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) proteins 9, 67, and 46; neurochondrin; neuronal intermediate filament light chain (NIF); septin 5; metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 (mGluR2); seizure-related 6 homolog like 2 (SEZ6L2) and homer-3 antibodies. We will review their clinical characteristics, imaging and CSF findings and treatment response. In addition, we will discuss two clinical case examples of autoimmune cerebellar ataxia.
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spelling pubmed-84164942021-09-05 Update in Autoimmune Movement Disorders: Newly Described Antigen Targets in Autoimmune and Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Ataxia Garza, Madeline Piquet, Amanda L. Front Neurol Neurology Movement disorders are a common feature of many antibody-associated neurological disorders. In fact, cerebellar ataxia is one of the most common manifestations of autoimmune neurological diseases. Some of the first autoantibodies identified against antigen targets include anti-neuronal nuclear antibody type 1 (ANNA-1 or anti-Hu) and Purkinje cell cytoplasmic antibody (PCA-1) also known as anti-Yo have been identified in paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration. Historically these antibodies have been associated with an underlying malignancy; however, recently discovered antibodies can occur in the absence of cancer as well, resulting in the clinical syndrome of autoimmune cerebellar ataxia. The pace of discovery of new antibodies associated with autoimmune or paraneoplastic cerebellar ataxia has increased rapidly over the last few years, and pathogenesis and potential treatment options remains to be explored. Here we will review the literature on recently discovered antibodies associated with autoimmune and paraneoplastic cerebellar ataxia including adaptor protein-3B2 (AP3B2); inositol 1,4,5-trisphophate receptor type 1 (ITPR1); tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) proteins 9, 67, and 46; neurochondrin; neuronal intermediate filament light chain (NIF); septin 5; metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 (mGluR2); seizure-related 6 homolog like 2 (SEZ6L2) and homer-3 antibodies. We will review their clinical characteristics, imaging and CSF findings and treatment response. In addition, we will discuss two clinical case examples of autoimmune cerebellar ataxia. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-08-18 /pmc/articles/PMC8416494/ /pubmed/34489848 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2021.683048 Text en Copyright © 2021 Garza and Piquet. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neurology
Garza, Madeline
Piquet, Amanda L.
Update in Autoimmune Movement Disorders: Newly Described Antigen Targets in Autoimmune and Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Ataxia
title Update in Autoimmune Movement Disorders: Newly Described Antigen Targets in Autoimmune and Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Ataxia
title_full Update in Autoimmune Movement Disorders: Newly Described Antigen Targets in Autoimmune and Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Ataxia
title_fullStr Update in Autoimmune Movement Disorders: Newly Described Antigen Targets in Autoimmune and Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Ataxia
title_full_unstemmed Update in Autoimmune Movement Disorders: Newly Described Antigen Targets in Autoimmune and Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Ataxia
title_short Update in Autoimmune Movement Disorders: Newly Described Antigen Targets in Autoimmune and Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Ataxia
title_sort update in autoimmune movement disorders: newly described antigen targets in autoimmune and paraneoplastic cerebellar ataxia
topic Neurology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8416494/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34489848
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2021.683048
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