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SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load Is Correlated With the Disease Severity and Mortality in Patients With Cancer

The correlation between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral load and risk of disease severity in cancer patients is poorly understood. Given the fact that cancer patients are at increased risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), analysis of viral load and di...

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Autores principales: Al-Mozaini, Maha, Noman, Abu Shadat M., Alotaibi, Jawaher, Karim, Mohammed Rezaul, Zahed, A. S. M., Karim, A. T. M. Rezaul, Alromiah, Khaldoun, Islam, Syed S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8416515/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34490115
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2021.715794
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author Al-Mozaini, Maha
Noman, Abu Shadat M.
Alotaibi, Jawaher
Karim, Mohammed Rezaul
Zahed, A. S. M.
Karim, A. T. M. Rezaul
Alromiah, Khaldoun
Islam, Syed S.
author_facet Al-Mozaini, Maha
Noman, Abu Shadat M.
Alotaibi, Jawaher
Karim, Mohammed Rezaul
Zahed, A. S. M.
Karim, A. T. M. Rezaul
Alromiah, Khaldoun
Islam, Syed S.
author_sort Al-Mozaini, Maha
collection PubMed
description The correlation between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral load and risk of disease severity in cancer patients is poorly understood. Given the fact that cancer patients are at increased risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), analysis of viral load and disease outcome in COVID-19-infected cancer patients is needed. Here, we measured the SARS-CoV-2 viral load using qPCR cycle threshold (Ct) values collected from 120 noncancer and 64 cancer patients’ nasopharyngeal swab samples who are admitted to hospitals. Our results showed that the in-hospital mortality for high viral load cancer patients was 41.38%, 23.81% for medium viral load and 14.29% for low viral load patients (p < −0.01). On the other hand, the mortality rate for noncancer patients was lower: 22.22% among patients with high viral load, 5.13% among patients with medium viral load, and 1.85% among patients with low viral load (p < 0.05). In addition, patients with lung and hematologic cancer showed higher possibilities of severe events in proportion to high viral load. Higher attributable mortality and severity were directly proportional to high viral load particularly in patients who are receiving anticancer treatment. Importantly, we found that the incubation period and serial interval time is shorter in cancer patients compared with noncancer cases. Our report suggests that high SARS-CoV-2 viral loads may play a significant role in the overall mortality and severity of COVID-19-positive cancer patients, and this warrants further study to explore the disease pathogenesis and their use as prognostic tools.
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spelling pubmed-84165152021-09-05 SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load Is Correlated With the Disease Severity and Mortality in Patients With Cancer Al-Mozaini, Maha Noman, Abu Shadat M. Alotaibi, Jawaher Karim, Mohammed Rezaul Zahed, A. S. M. Karim, A. T. M. Rezaul Alromiah, Khaldoun Islam, Syed S. Front Oncol Oncology The correlation between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral load and risk of disease severity in cancer patients is poorly understood. Given the fact that cancer patients are at increased risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), analysis of viral load and disease outcome in COVID-19-infected cancer patients is needed. Here, we measured the SARS-CoV-2 viral load using qPCR cycle threshold (Ct) values collected from 120 noncancer and 64 cancer patients’ nasopharyngeal swab samples who are admitted to hospitals. Our results showed that the in-hospital mortality for high viral load cancer patients was 41.38%, 23.81% for medium viral load and 14.29% for low viral load patients (p < −0.01). On the other hand, the mortality rate for noncancer patients was lower: 22.22% among patients with high viral load, 5.13% among patients with medium viral load, and 1.85% among patients with low viral load (p < 0.05). In addition, patients with lung and hematologic cancer showed higher possibilities of severe events in proportion to high viral load. Higher attributable mortality and severity were directly proportional to high viral load particularly in patients who are receiving anticancer treatment. Importantly, we found that the incubation period and serial interval time is shorter in cancer patients compared with noncancer cases. Our report suggests that high SARS-CoV-2 viral loads may play a significant role in the overall mortality and severity of COVID-19-positive cancer patients, and this warrants further study to explore the disease pathogenesis and their use as prognostic tools. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-08-18 /pmc/articles/PMC8416515/ /pubmed/34490115 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2021.715794 Text en Copyright © 2021 Al-Mozaini, Noman, Alotaibi, Karim, Zahed, Karim, Alromiah and Islam https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Oncology
Al-Mozaini, Maha
Noman, Abu Shadat M.
Alotaibi, Jawaher
Karim, Mohammed Rezaul
Zahed, A. S. M.
Karim, A. T. M. Rezaul
Alromiah, Khaldoun
Islam, Syed S.
SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load Is Correlated With the Disease Severity and Mortality in Patients With Cancer
title SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load Is Correlated With the Disease Severity and Mortality in Patients With Cancer
title_full SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load Is Correlated With the Disease Severity and Mortality in Patients With Cancer
title_fullStr SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load Is Correlated With the Disease Severity and Mortality in Patients With Cancer
title_full_unstemmed SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load Is Correlated With the Disease Severity and Mortality in Patients With Cancer
title_short SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load Is Correlated With the Disease Severity and Mortality in Patients With Cancer
title_sort sars-cov-2 viral load is correlated with the disease severity and mortality in patients with cancer
topic Oncology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8416515/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34490115
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2021.715794
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