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Detection of Anti-SARS-CoV-2-S2 IgG Is More Sensitive Than Anti-RBD IgG in Identifying Asymptomatic COVID-19 Patients
Characterizing the serologic features of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection is imperative to improve diagnostics and control of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. In this study, we evaluated the antibody profiles in 272 plasma samples collected from 59 COVID-19 patients, consisting of 18 asymptomatic patients,...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8416675/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34489978 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.724763 |
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author | Liao, Baolin Chen, Zhao Zheng, Peiyan Li, Linghua Zhuo, Jianfen Li, Fang Li, Suxiang Chen, Dingbin Wen, Chunyan Cai, Weiping Wu, Shanhui Tang, Yanhong Duan, Linwei Wei, Peilan Chen, Fangli Yuan, Jinwei Yang, Jinghong Feng, Jiaxin Zhao, Jingxian Zhao, Jincun Sun, Baoqing Zhu, Airu Li, Yimin Tang, Xiaoping |
author_facet | Liao, Baolin Chen, Zhao Zheng, Peiyan Li, Linghua Zhuo, Jianfen Li, Fang Li, Suxiang Chen, Dingbin Wen, Chunyan Cai, Weiping Wu, Shanhui Tang, Yanhong Duan, Linwei Wei, Peilan Chen, Fangli Yuan, Jinwei Yang, Jinghong Feng, Jiaxin Zhao, Jingxian Zhao, Jincun Sun, Baoqing Zhu, Airu Li, Yimin Tang, Xiaoping |
author_sort | Liao, Baolin |
collection | PubMed |
description | Characterizing the serologic features of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection is imperative to improve diagnostics and control of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. In this study, we evaluated the antibody profiles in 272 plasma samples collected from 59 COVID-19 patients, consisting of 18 asymptomatic patients, 33 mildly ill patients and 8 severely ill patients. We measured the IgG against five viral structural proteins, different isotypes of immunoglobulins against the Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) protein, and neutralizing antibodies. The results showed that the overall antibody response was lower in asymptomatic infections than in symptomatic infections throughout the disease course. In contrast to symptomatic patients, asymptomatic patients showed a dominant IgG-response towards the RBD protein, but not IgM and IgA. Neutralizing antibody titers had linear correlations with IgA/IgM/IgG levels against SARS-CoV-2-RBD, as well as with IgG levels against multiple SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins, especially with anti-RBD or anti-S2 IgG. In addition, the sensitivity of anti-S2-IgG is better in identifying asymptomatic infections at early time post infection compared to anti-RBD-IgG. These data suggest that asymptomatic infections elicit weaker antibody responses, and primarily induce IgG antibody responses rather than IgA or IgM antibody responses. Detection of IgG against the S2 protein could supplement nucleic acid testing to identify asymptomatic patients. This study provides an antibody detection scheme for asymptomatic infections, which may contribute to epidemic prevention and control. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8416675 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84166752021-09-05 Detection of Anti-SARS-CoV-2-S2 IgG Is More Sensitive Than Anti-RBD IgG in Identifying Asymptomatic COVID-19 Patients Liao, Baolin Chen, Zhao Zheng, Peiyan Li, Linghua Zhuo, Jianfen Li, Fang Li, Suxiang Chen, Dingbin Wen, Chunyan Cai, Weiping Wu, Shanhui Tang, Yanhong Duan, Linwei Wei, Peilan Chen, Fangli Yuan, Jinwei Yang, Jinghong Feng, Jiaxin Zhao, Jingxian Zhao, Jincun Sun, Baoqing Zhu, Airu Li, Yimin Tang, Xiaoping Front Immunol Immunology Characterizing the serologic features of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection is imperative to improve diagnostics and control of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. In this study, we evaluated the antibody profiles in 272 plasma samples collected from 59 COVID-19 patients, consisting of 18 asymptomatic patients, 33 mildly ill patients and 8 severely ill patients. We measured the IgG against five viral structural proteins, different isotypes of immunoglobulins against the Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) protein, and neutralizing antibodies. The results showed that the overall antibody response was lower in asymptomatic infections than in symptomatic infections throughout the disease course. In contrast to symptomatic patients, asymptomatic patients showed a dominant IgG-response towards the RBD protein, but not IgM and IgA. Neutralizing antibody titers had linear correlations with IgA/IgM/IgG levels against SARS-CoV-2-RBD, as well as with IgG levels against multiple SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins, especially with anti-RBD or anti-S2 IgG. In addition, the sensitivity of anti-S2-IgG is better in identifying asymptomatic infections at early time post infection compared to anti-RBD-IgG. These data suggest that asymptomatic infections elicit weaker antibody responses, and primarily induce IgG antibody responses rather than IgA or IgM antibody responses. Detection of IgG against the S2 protein could supplement nucleic acid testing to identify asymptomatic patients. This study provides an antibody detection scheme for asymptomatic infections, which may contribute to epidemic prevention and control. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-08-19 /pmc/articles/PMC8416675/ /pubmed/34489978 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.724763 Text en Copyright © 2021 Liao, Chen, Zheng, Li, Zhuo, Li, Li, Chen, Wen, Cai, Wu, Tang, Duan, Wei, Chen, Yuan, Yang, Feng, Zhao, Zhao, Sun, Zhu, Li and Tang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Immunology Liao, Baolin Chen, Zhao Zheng, Peiyan Li, Linghua Zhuo, Jianfen Li, Fang Li, Suxiang Chen, Dingbin Wen, Chunyan Cai, Weiping Wu, Shanhui Tang, Yanhong Duan, Linwei Wei, Peilan Chen, Fangli Yuan, Jinwei Yang, Jinghong Feng, Jiaxin Zhao, Jingxian Zhao, Jincun Sun, Baoqing Zhu, Airu Li, Yimin Tang, Xiaoping Detection of Anti-SARS-CoV-2-S2 IgG Is More Sensitive Than Anti-RBD IgG in Identifying Asymptomatic COVID-19 Patients |
title | Detection of Anti-SARS-CoV-2-S2 IgG Is More Sensitive Than Anti-RBD IgG in Identifying Asymptomatic COVID-19 Patients |
title_full | Detection of Anti-SARS-CoV-2-S2 IgG Is More Sensitive Than Anti-RBD IgG in Identifying Asymptomatic COVID-19 Patients |
title_fullStr | Detection of Anti-SARS-CoV-2-S2 IgG Is More Sensitive Than Anti-RBD IgG in Identifying Asymptomatic COVID-19 Patients |
title_full_unstemmed | Detection of Anti-SARS-CoV-2-S2 IgG Is More Sensitive Than Anti-RBD IgG in Identifying Asymptomatic COVID-19 Patients |
title_short | Detection of Anti-SARS-CoV-2-S2 IgG Is More Sensitive Than Anti-RBD IgG in Identifying Asymptomatic COVID-19 Patients |
title_sort | detection of anti-sars-cov-2-s2 igg is more sensitive than anti-rbd igg in identifying asymptomatic covid-19 patients |
topic | Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8416675/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34489978 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.724763 |
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