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Detection of Anti-SARS-CoV-2-S2 IgG Is More Sensitive Than Anti-RBD IgG in Identifying Asymptomatic COVID-19 Patients

Characterizing the serologic features of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection is imperative to improve diagnostics and control of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. In this study, we evaluated the antibody profiles in 272 plasma samples collected from 59 COVID-19 patients, consisting of 18 asymptomatic patients,...

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Autores principales: Liao, Baolin, Chen, Zhao, Zheng, Peiyan, Li, Linghua, Zhuo, Jianfen, Li, Fang, Li, Suxiang, Chen, Dingbin, Wen, Chunyan, Cai, Weiping, Wu, Shanhui, Tang, Yanhong, Duan, Linwei, Wei, Peilan, Chen, Fangli, Yuan, Jinwei, Yang, Jinghong, Feng, Jiaxin, Zhao, Jingxian, Zhao, Jincun, Sun, Baoqing, Zhu, Airu, Li, Yimin, Tang, Xiaoping
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8416675/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34489978
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.724763
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author Liao, Baolin
Chen, Zhao
Zheng, Peiyan
Li, Linghua
Zhuo, Jianfen
Li, Fang
Li, Suxiang
Chen, Dingbin
Wen, Chunyan
Cai, Weiping
Wu, Shanhui
Tang, Yanhong
Duan, Linwei
Wei, Peilan
Chen, Fangli
Yuan, Jinwei
Yang, Jinghong
Feng, Jiaxin
Zhao, Jingxian
Zhao, Jincun
Sun, Baoqing
Zhu, Airu
Li, Yimin
Tang, Xiaoping
author_facet Liao, Baolin
Chen, Zhao
Zheng, Peiyan
Li, Linghua
Zhuo, Jianfen
Li, Fang
Li, Suxiang
Chen, Dingbin
Wen, Chunyan
Cai, Weiping
Wu, Shanhui
Tang, Yanhong
Duan, Linwei
Wei, Peilan
Chen, Fangli
Yuan, Jinwei
Yang, Jinghong
Feng, Jiaxin
Zhao, Jingxian
Zhao, Jincun
Sun, Baoqing
Zhu, Airu
Li, Yimin
Tang, Xiaoping
author_sort Liao, Baolin
collection PubMed
description Characterizing the serologic features of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection is imperative to improve diagnostics and control of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. In this study, we evaluated the antibody profiles in 272 plasma samples collected from 59 COVID-19 patients, consisting of 18 asymptomatic patients, 33 mildly ill patients and 8 severely ill patients. We measured the IgG against five viral structural proteins, different isotypes of immunoglobulins against the Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) protein, and neutralizing antibodies. The results showed that the overall antibody response was lower in asymptomatic infections than in symptomatic infections throughout the disease course. In contrast to symptomatic patients, asymptomatic patients showed a dominant IgG-response towards the RBD protein, but not IgM and IgA. Neutralizing antibody titers had linear correlations with IgA/IgM/IgG levels against SARS-CoV-2-RBD, as well as with IgG levels against multiple SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins, especially with anti-RBD or anti-S2 IgG. In addition, the sensitivity of anti-S2-IgG is better in identifying asymptomatic infections at early time post infection compared to anti-RBD-IgG. These data suggest that asymptomatic infections elicit weaker antibody responses, and primarily induce IgG antibody responses rather than IgA or IgM antibody responses. Detection of IgG against the S2 protein could supplement nucleic acid testing to identify asymptomatic patients. This study provides an antibody detection scheme for asymptomatic infections, which may contribute to epidemic prevention and control.
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spelling pubmed-84166752021-09-05 Detection of Anti-SARS-CoV-2-S2 IgG Is More Sensitive Than Anti-RBD IgG in Identifying Asymptomatic COVID-19 Patients Liao, Baolin Chen, Zhao Zheng, Peiyan Li, Linghua Zhuo, Jianfen Li, Fang Li, Suxiang Chen, Dingbin Wen, Chunyan Cai, Weiping Wu, Shanhui Tang, Yanhong Duan, Linwei Wei, Peilan Chen, Fangli Yuan, Jinwei Yang, Jinghong Feng, Jiaxin Zhao, Jingxian Zhao, Jincun Sun, Baoqing Zhu, Airu Li, Yimin Tang, Xiaoping Front Immunol Immunology Characterizing the serologic features of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection is imperative to improve diagnostics and control of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. In this study, we evaluated the antibody profiles in 272 plasma samples collected from 59 COVID-19 patients, consisting of 18 asymptomatic patients, 33 mildly ill patients and 8 severely ill patients. We measured the IgG against five viral structural proteins, different isotypes of immunoglobulins against the Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) protein, and neutralizing antibodies. The results showed that the overall antibody response was lower in asymptomatic infections than in symptomatic infections throughout the disease course. In contrast to symptomatic patients, asymptomatic patients showed a dominant IgG-response towards the RBD protein, but not IgM and IgA. Neutralizing antibody titers had linear correlations with IgA/IgM/IgG levels against SARS-CoV-2-RBD, as well as with IgG levels against multiple SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins, especially with anti-RBD or anti-S2 IgG. In addition, the sensitivity of anti-S2-IgG is better in identifying asymptomatic infections at early time post infection compared to anti-RBD-IgG. These data suggest that asymptomatic infections elicit weaker antibody responses, and primarily induce IgG antibody responses rather than IgA or IgM antibody responses. Detection of IgG against the S2 protein could supplement nucleic acid testing to identify asymptomatic patients. This study provides an antibody detection scheme for asymptomatic infections, which may contribute to epidemic prevention and control. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-08-19 /pmc/articles/PMC8416675/ /pubmed/34489978 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.724763 Text en Copyright © 2021 Liao, Chen, Zheng, Li, Zhuo, Li, Li, Chen, Wen, Cai, Wu, Tang, Duan, Wei, Chen, Yuan, Yang, Feng, Zhao, Zhao, Sun, Zhu, Li and Tang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Liao, Baolin
Chen, Zhao
Zheng, Peiyan
Li, Linghua
Zhuo, Jianfen
Li, Fang
Li, Suxiang
Chen, Dingbin
Wen, Chunyan
Cai, Weiping
Wu, Shanhui
Tang, Yanhong
Duan, Linwei
Wei, Peilan
Chen, Fangli
Yuan, Jinwei
Yang, Jinghong
Feng, Jiaxin
Zhao, Jingxian
Zhao, Jincun
Sun, Baoqing
Zhu, Airu
Li, Yimin
Tang, Xiaoping
Detection of Anti-SARS-CoV-2-S2 IgG Is More Sensitive Than Anti-RBD IgG in Identifying Asymptomatic COVID-19 Patients
title Detection of Anti-SARS-CoV-2-S2 IgG Is More Sensitive Than Anti-RBD IgG in Identifying Asymptomatic COVID-19 Patients
title_full Detection of Anti-SARS-CoV-2-S2 IgG Is More Sensitive Than Anti-RBD IgG in Identifying Asymptomatic COVID-19 Patients
title_fullStr Detection of Anti-SARS-CoV-2-S2 IgG Is More Sensitive Than Anti-RBD IgG in Identifying Asymptomatic COVID-19 Patients
title_full_unstemmed Detection of Anti-SARS-CoV-2-S2 IgG Is More Sensitive Than Anti-RBD IgG in Identifying Asymptomatic COVID-19 Patients
title_short Detection of Anti-SARS-CoV-2-S2 IgG Is More Sensitive Than Anti-RBD IgG in Identifying Asymptomatic COVID-19 Patients
title_sort detection of anti-sars-cov-2-s2 igg is more sensitive than anti-rbd igg in identifying asymptomatic covid-19 patients
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8416675/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34489978
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.724763
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