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Advances in Biosensors for Continuous Glucose Monitoring Towards Wearables

Continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) for the non-invasive monitoring of diabetes are constantly being developed and improved. Although there are multiple biosensing platforms for monitoring glucose available on the market, there is still a strong need to enhance their precision, repeatability, wearabi...

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Autores principales: Johnston, Lucy, Wang, Gonglei, Hu, Kunhui, Qian, Chungen, Liu, Guozhen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8416677/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34490230
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.733810
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author Johnston, Lucy
Wang, Gonglei
Hu, Kunhui
Qian, Chungen
Liu, Guozhen
author_facet Johnston, Lucy
Wang, Gonglei
Hu, Kunhui
Qian, Chungen
Liu, Guozhen
author_sort Johnston, Lucy
collection PubMed
description Continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) for the non-invasive monitoring of diabetes are constantly being developed and improved. Although there are multiple biosensing platforms for monitoring glucose available on the market, there is still a strong need to enhance their precision, repeatability, wearability, and accessibility to end-users. Biosensing technologies are being increasingly explored that use different bodily fluids such as sweat and tear fluid, etc., that can be calibrated to and therefore used to measure blood glucose concentrations accurately. To improve the wearability of these devices, exploring different fluids as testing mediums is essential and opens the door to various implants and wearables that in turn have the potential to be less inhibiting to the wearer. Recent developments have surfaced in the form of contact lenses or mouthguards for instance. Challenges still present themselves in the form of sensitivity, especially at very high or low glucose concentrations, which is critical for a diabetic person to monitor. This review summarises advances in wearable glucose biosensors over the past 5 years, comparing the different types as well as the fluid they use to detect glucose, including the CGMs currently available on the market. Perspectives on the development of wearables for glucose biosensing are discussed.
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spelling pubmed-84166772021-09-05 Advances in Biosensors for Continuous Glucose Monitoring Towards Wearables Johnston, Lucy Wang, Gonglei Hu, Kunhui Qian, Chungen Liu, Guozhen Front Bioeng Biotechnol Bioengineering and Biotechnology Continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) for the non-invasive monitoring of diabetes are constantly being developed and improved. Although there are multiple biosensing platforms for monitoring glucose available on the market, there is still a strong need to enhance their precision, repeatability, wearability, and accessibility to end-users. Biosensing technologies are being increasingly explored that use different bodily fluids such as sweat and tear fluid, etc., that can be calibrated to and therefore used to measure blood glucose concentrations accurately. To improve the wearability of these devices, exploring different fluids as testing mediums is essential and opens the door to various implants and wearables that in turn have the potential to be less inhibiting to the wearer. Recent developments have surfaced in the form of contact lenses or mouthguards for instance. Challenges still present themselves in the form of sensitivity, especially at very high or low glucose concentrations, which is critical for a diabetic person to monitor. This review summarises advances in wearable glucose biosensors over the past 5 years, comparing the different types as well as the fluid they use to detect glucose, including the CGMs currently available on the market. Perspectives on the development of wearables for glucose biosensing are discussed. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-08-19 /pmc/articles/PMC8416677/ /pubmed/34490230 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.733810 Text en Copyright © 2021 Johnston, Wang, Hu, Qian and Liu. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Bioengineering and Biotechnology
Johnston, Lucy
Wang, Gonglei
Hu, Kunhui
Qian, Chungen
Liu, Guozhen
Advances in Biosensors for Continuous Glucose Monitoring Towards Wearables
title Advances in Biosensors for Continuous Glucose Monitoring Towards Wearables
title_full Advances in Biosensors for Continuous Glucose Monitoring Towards Wearables
title_fullStr Advances in Biosensors for Continuous Glucose Monitoring Towards Wearables
title_full_unstemmed Advances in Biosensors for Continuous Glucose Monitoring Towards Wearables
title_short Advances in Biosensors for Continuous Glucose Monitoring Towards Wearables
title_sort advances in biosensors for continuous glucose monitoring towards wearables
topic Bioengineering and Biotechnology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8416677/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34490230
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.733810
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