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The Clinical Application of 3D-Printed Boluses in Superficial Tumor Radiotherapy

During the procedure of radiotherapy for superficial tumors, the key to treatment is to ensure that the skin surface receives an adequate radiation dose. However, due to the presence of the built-up effect of high-energy rays, equivalent tissue compensators (boluses) with appropriate thickness shoul...

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Autores principales: Wang, Xiran, Wang, Xuetao, Xiang, Zhongzheng, Zeng, Yuanyuan, Liu, Fang, Shao, Bianfei, He, Tao, Ma, Jiachun, Yu, Siting, Liu, Lei
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8416990/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34490095
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2021.698773
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author Wang, Xiran
Wang, Xuetao
Xiang, Zhongzheng
Zeng, Yuanyuan
Liu, Fang
Shao, Bianfei
He, Tao
Ma, Jiachun
Yu, Siting
Liu, Lei
author_facet Wang, Xiran
Wang, Xuetao
Xiang, Zhongzheng
Zeng, Yuanyuan
Liu, Fang
Shao, Bianfei
He, Tao
Ma, Jiachun
Yu, Siting
Liu, Lei
author_sort Wang, Xiran
collection PubMed
description During the procedure of radiotherapy for superficial tumors, the key to treatment is to ensure that the skin surface receives an adequate radiation dose. However, due to the presence of the built-up effect of high-energy rays, equivalent tissue compensators (boluses) with appropriate thickness should be placed on the skin surface to increase the target radiation dose. Traditional boluses do not usually fit the skin perfectly. Wet gauze is variable in thickness day to day which results in air gaps between the skin and the bolus. These unwanted but avoidable air gaps lead to a decrease of the radiation dose in the target area and can have a poor effect on the outcome. Three-dimensional (3D) printing, a new rising technology named “additive manufacturing” (AM), could create physical models with specific shapes from digital information by using special materials. It has been favored in many fields because of its advantages, including less waste, low-cost, and individualized design. It is not an exception in the field of radiotherapy, personalized boluses made through 3D printing technology also make up for a number of shortcomings of the traditional commercial bolus. Therefore, an increasing number of researchers have tried to use 3D-printed boluses for clinical applications rather than commercial boluses. Here, we review the 3D-printed bolus’s material selection and production process, its clinical applications, and potential radioactive dermatitis. Finally, we discuss some of the challenges that still need to be addressed with the 3D-printed boluses.
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spelling pubmed-84169902021-09-05 The Clinical Application of 3D-Printed Boluses in Superficial Tumor Radiotherapy Wang, Xiran Wang, Xuetao Xiang, Zhongzheng Zeng, Yuanyuan Liu, Fang Shao, Bianfei He, Tao Ma, Jiachun Yu, Siting Liu, Lei Front Oncol Oncology During the procedure of radiotherapy for superficial tumors, the key to treatment is to ensure that the skin surface receives an adequate radiation dose. However, due to the presence of the built-up effect of high-energy rays, equivalent tissue compensators (boluses) with appropriate thickness should be placed on the skin surface to increase the target radiation dose. Traditional boluses do not usually fit the skin perfectly. Wet gauze is variable in thickness day to day which results in air gaps between the skin and the bolus. These unwanted but avoidable air gaps lead to a decrease of the radiation dose in the target area and can have a poor effect on the outcome. Three-dimensional (3D) printing, a new rising technology named “additive manufacturing” (AM), could create physical models with specific shapes from digital information by using special materials. It has been favored in many fields because of its advantages, including less waste, low-cost, and individualized design. It is not an exception in the field of radiotherapy, personalized boluses made through 3D printing technology also make up for a number of shortcomings of the traditional commercial bolus. Therefore, an increasing number of researchers have tried to use 3D-printed boluses for clinical applications rather than commercial boluses. Here, we review the 3D-printed bolus’s material selection and production process, its clinical applications, and potential radioactive dermatitis. Finally, we discuss some of the challenges that still need to be addressed with the 3D-printed boluses. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-08-19 /pmc/articles/PMC8416990/ /pubmed/34490095 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2021.698773 Text en Copyright © 2021 Wang, Wang, Xiang, Zeng, Liu, Shao, He, Ma, Yu and Liu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Oncology
Wang, Xiran
Wang, Xuetao
Xiang, Zhongzheng
Zeng, Yuanyuan
Liu, Fang
Shao, Bianfei
He, Tao
Ma, Jiachun
Yu, Siting
Liu, Lei
The Clinical Application of 3D-Printed Boluses in Superficial Tumor Radiotherapy
title The Clinical Application of 3D-Printed Boluses in Superficial Tumor Radiotherapy
title_full The Clinical Application of 3D-Printed Boluses in Superficial Tumor Radiotherapy
title_fullStr The Clinical Application of 3D-Printed Boluses in Superficial Tumor Radiotherapy
title_full_unstemmed The Clinical Application of 3D-Printed Boluses in Superficial Tumor Radiotherapy
title_short The Clinical Application of 3D-Printed Boluses in Superficial Tumor Radiotherapy
title_sort clinical application of 3d-printed boluses in superficial tumor radiotherapy
topic Oncology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8416990/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34490095
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2021.698773
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