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Three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics analysis of an electric submerged arc furnace

A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method is proposed to analyze the operation of a submerged electric arc furnace (SAF) used in ferronickel production. A three-dimensional mathematical model was used for the time-dependent solution of the fluid flow, heat transfer and electromagnetic phenomena. T...

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Autores principales: Karalis, K., Karalis, N., Karkalos, N., Ntallis, Ν., Antipas, G. S. E., Xenidis, A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8417227/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34480043
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96085-1
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author Karalis, K.
Karalis, N.
Karkalos, N.
Ntallis, Ν.
Antipas, G. S. E.
Xenidis, A.
author_facet Karalis, K.
Karalis, N.
Karkalos, N.
Ntallis, Ν.
Antipas, G. S. E.
Xenidis, A.
author_sort Karalis, K.
collection PubMed
description A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method is proposed to analyze the operation of a submerged electric arc furnace (SAF) used in ferronickel production. A three-dimensional mathematical model was used for the time-dependent solution of the fluid flow, heat transfer and electromagnetic phenomena. The slag's physical properties, which play a crucial role in the SAF operation, were previously determined using classical molecular dynamics simulations and empirical relationships. The analysis revealed that the main slag properties affecting SAF operation are density, viscosity and electrical conductivity—the latter two being mutually dependent. The high electrical conductivity values of the slag favor melting via the high Joule heat produced within the slag region. Calculation of the dimensionless Péclet and Reynolds numbers revealed that the slag velocities play a decisive role in heat transfer and further indicate that the slag flow is laminar. The average slag velocity calculated 0.0001 m/s with maxima in the vicinity of the electrodes.
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spelling pubmed-84172272021-09-07 Three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics analysis of an electric submerged arc furnace Karalis, K. Karalis, N. Karkalos, N. Ntallis, Ν. Antipas, G. S. E. Xenidis, A. Sci Rep Article A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method is proposed to analyze the operation of a submerged electric arc furnace (SAF) used in ferronickel production. A three-dimensional mathematical model was used for the time-dependent solution of the fluid flow, heat transfer and electromagnetic phenomena. The slag's physical properties, which play a crucial role in the SAF operation, were previously determined using classical molecular dynamics simulations and empirical relationships. The analysis revealed that the main slag properties affecting SAF operation are density, viscosity and electrical conductivity—the latter two being mutually dependent. The high electrical conductivity values of the slag favor melting via the high Joule heat produced within the slag region. Calculation of the dimensionless Péclet and Reynolds numbers revealed that the slag velocities play a decisive role in heat transfer and further indicate that the slag flow is laminar. The average slag velocity calculated 0.0001 m/s with maxima in the vicinity of the electrodes. Nature Publishing Group UK 2021-09-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8417227/ /pubmed/34480043 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96085-1 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Karalis, K.
Karalis, N.
Karkalos, N.
Ntallis, Ν.
Antipas, G. S. E.
Xenidis, A.
Three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics analysis of an electric submerged arc furnace
title Three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics analysis of an electric submerged arc furnace
title_full Three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics analysis of an electric submerged arc furnace
title_fullStr Three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics analysis of an electric submerged arc furnace
title_full_unstemmed Three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics analysis of an electric submerged arc furnace
title_short Three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics analysis of an electric submerged arc furnace
title_sort three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics analysis of an electric submerged arc furnace
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8417227/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34480043
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96085-1
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