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Mini Review: Current Trends and Understanding of Exosome Therapeutic Potential in Corneal Diseases

Exosomes are a subset of extracellular vesicles (EVs) that are secreted by most cell types. They are nanosized EVs ranging from 30 to 150 nm. The membrane-enclosed bodies originate by the process of endocytosis and mainly comprise DNA, RNA, protein, and lipids. Exosomes not only act as cell-to-cell...

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Autores principales: Tiwari, Anil, Singh, Aastha, Verma, Sudhir, Stephenson, Sarah, Bhowmick, Tuhin, Sangwan, Virender Singh
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8417240/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34489693
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.684712
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author Tiwari, Anil
Singh, Aastha
Verma, Sudhir
Stephenson, Sarah
Bhowmick, Tuhin
Sangwan, Virender Singh
author_facet Tiwari, Anil
Singh, Aastha
Verma, Sudhir
Stephenson, Sarah
Bhowmick, Tuhin
Sangwan, Virender Singh
author_sort Tiwari, Anil
collection PubMed
description Exosomes are a subset of extracellular vesicles (EVs) that are secreted by most cell types. They are nanosized EVs ranging from 30 to 150 nm. The membrane-enclosed bodies originate by the process of endocytosis and mainly comprise DNA, RNA, protein, and lipids. Exosomes not only act as cell-to-cell communication signaling mediators but also have the potential to act as biomarkers for clinical application and as a promising carrier for drug delivery. Unfortunately, the purification methods for exosomes remain an obstacle. While most of the exosome researches are mainly focused on cancer, there are limited studies highlighting the importance of exosomes in ocular biology, specifically cornea-associated pathologies. Here, we summarize a brief description of exosome biogenesis, roles of exosomes and exosome-based therapies in corneal pathologies, and exosome bioengineering for tissue-specific therapy.
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spelling pubmed-84172402021-09-05 Mini Review: Current Trends and Understanding of Exosome Therapeutic Potential in Corneal Diseases Tiwari, Anil Singh, Aastha Verma, Sudhir Stephenson, Sarah Bhowmick, Tuhin Sangwan, Virender Singh Front Pharmacol Pharmacology Exosomes are a subset of extracellular vesicles (EVs) that are secreted by most cell types. They are nanosized EVs ranging from 30 to 150 nm. The membrane-enclosed bodies originate by the process of endocytosis and mainly comprise DNA, RNA, protein, and lipids. Exosomes not only act as cell-to-cell communication signaling mediators but also have the potential to act as biomarkers for clinical application and as a promising carrier for drug delivery. Unfortunately, the purification methods for exosomes remain an obstacle. While most of the exosome researches are mainly focused on cancer, there are limited studies highlighting the importance of exosomes in ocular biology, specifically cornea-associated pathologies. Here, we summarize a brief description of exosome biogenesis, roles of exosomes and exosome-based therapies in corneal pathologies, and exosome bioengineering for tissue-specific therapy. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-08-19 /pmc/articles/PMC8417240/ /pubmed/34489693 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.684712 Text en Copyright © 2021 Tiwari, Singh, Verma, Stephenson, Bhowmick and Sangwan. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Pharmacology
Tiwari, Anil
Singh, Aastha
Verma, Sudhir
Stephenson, Sarah
Bhowmick, Tuhin
Sangwan, Virender Singh
Mini Review: Current Trends and Understanding of Exosome Therapeutic Potential in Corneal Diseases
title Mini Review: Current Trends and Understanding of Exosome Therapeutic Potential in Corneal Diseases
title_full Mini Review: Current Trends and Understanding of Exosome Therapeutic Potential in Corneal Diseases
title_fullStr Mini Review: Current Trends and Understanding of Exosome Therapeutic Potential in Corneal Diseases
title_full_unstemmed Mini Review: Current Trends and Understanding of Exosome Therapeutic Potential in Corneal Diseases
title_short Mini Review: Current Trends and Understanding of Exosome Therapeutic Potential in Corneal Diseases
title_sort mini review: current trends and understanding of exosome therapeutic potential in corneal diseases
topic Pharmacology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8417240/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34489693
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.684712
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