Association of IL-17A Polymorphism with Chronic Periodontitis in Type 1 Diabetic Patients

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM: The association of genetic polymorphisms with periodontitis has been studied extensively. The interleukin -17 (IL-17) is a group of cytokines, which comprises six different molecules (IL-17A, B, C, D, E & F). Among these, IL-17A & F are the most commonly understood cytokine, which plays a critical role in inflammatory diseases and periodontal inflammation. PURPOSE: To evaluate whether IL-17A gene polymorphism is associated with increased risk of chronic periodontitis in type 1 diabetes patients. MATERIALS AND METHOD: This quantitative case- control study was carried out in 60 subjects in 4 groups. The study groups included group A: 15 type 1 diabetes patients (T1DM) with chronic periodontitis (CP), group B: 15 T1DM patients without CP, group C: 15 Non-diabetic patients with CP, group D: 15 Non-diabetic patients without CP. Blood samples were drawn from the subjects and analyzed for IL-17A polymorphism by using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. RESULTS: There was no statistical significant difference seen in the genotype distribution among CP patients with or without T1DM and healthy controls. Odds ratio and p value indicated that increased risks for CP were associated with IL-17A allele (G) in patients with T1DM. This allele was correlated with worse clinical parameters of CP in T1DM patients. CONCLUSION: The present study revealed that IL-17A (rs2275913) polymorphism was not associated with increased risk for CP in T1DM patients.