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Analysis of Gene Expression Profiles, Cytokines, and Bacterial Loads Relevant to Alcoholic Liver Disease Mice Infected With V. vulnificus
Patients with liver disease are susceptible to infection with Vibrio vulnificus (V. vulnificus), but the specific reasons remain elusive. Through RNA-seq, we found that when mice with alcoholic liver disease (ALD) were infected with V. vulnificus by gavage, compared with the Pair group, the small in...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8417779/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34489943 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.695491 |
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author | Feng, Zi-Han Li, Shi-Qing Zhang, Jia-Xin Ni, Bin Bai, Xin-Ru Xu, Jian-Hao Liu, Zhen-Bo Xin, Wen-Wen Kang, Lin Gao, Shan Wang, Jing Li, Yan-Wei Li, Jia-Xin Yuan, Yuan Wang, Jing-Lin |
author_facet | Feng, Zi-Han Li, Shi-Qing Zhang, Jia-Xin Ni, Bin Bai, Xin-Ru Xu, Jian-Hao Liu, Zhen-Bo Xin, Wen-Wen Kang, Lin Gao, Shan Wang, Jing Li, Yan-Wei Li, Jia-Xin Yuan, Yuan Wang, Jing-Lin |
author_sort | Feng, Zi-Han |
collection | PubMed |
description | Patients with liver disease are susceptible to infection with Vibrio vulnificus (V. vulnificus), but the specific reasons remain elusive. Through RNA-seq, we found that when mice with alcoholic liver disease (ALD) were infected with V. vulnificus by gavage, compared with the Pair group, the small intestinal genes affecting intestinal permeability were upregulated; and the number of differentially expressed genes related to immune functions (e.g., such as cell chemotaxis, leukocyte differentiation, and neutrophil degranulation) decreased in the liver, spleen, and blood. Further analysis showed that the number of white blood cells decreased in the Pair group, whereas those in the ALD mice did not change significantly. Interestingly, the blood bacterial load in the ALD mice was about 100 times higher than that of the Pair group. After the ALD mice were infected with V. vulnificus, the concentrations of T cell proliferation-promoting cytokines (IL-2, IL-23) decreased. Therefore, unlike the Pair group, ALD mice had weaker immune responses, lower T cell proliferation-promoting cytokines, and higher bacterial loads post-infection, possibly increasing their susceptibility to V. vulnificus infection. These new findings we presented here may help to advance the current understanding of the reasons why patients with liver disease are susceptible to V. vulnificus infection and provides potential targets for further investigation in the context of treatment options for V. vulnificus sepsis in liver disease patient. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8417779 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84177792021-09-05 Analysis of Gene Expression Profiles, Cytokines, and Bacterial Loads Relevant to Alcoholic Liver Disease Mice Infected With V. vulnificus Feng, Zi-Han Li, Shi-Qing Zhang, Jia-Xin Ni, Bin Bai, Xin-Ru Xu, Jian-Hao Liu, Zhen-Bo Xin, Wen-Wen Kang, Lin Gao, Shan Wang, Jing Li, Yan-Wei Li, Jia-Xin Yuan, Yuan Wang, Jing-Lin Front Immunol Immunology Patients with liver disease are susceptible to infection with Vibrio vulnificus (V. vulnificus), but the specific reasons remain elusive. Through RNA-seq, we found that when mice with alcoholic liver disease (ALD) were infected with V. vulnificus by gavage, compared with the Pair group, the small intestinal genes affecting intestinal permeability were upregulated; and the number of differentially expressed genes related to immune functions (e.g., such as cell chemotaxis, leukocyte differentiation, and neutrophil degranulation) decreased in the liver, spleen, and blood. Further analysis showed that the number of white blood cells decreased in the Pair group, whereas those in the ALD mice did not change significantly. Interestingly, the blood bacterial load in the ALD mice was about 100 times higher than that of the Pair group. After the ALD mice were infected with V. vulnificus, the concentrations of T cell proliferation-promoting cytokines (IL-2, IL-23) decreased. Therefore, unlike the Pair group, ALD mice had weaker immune responses, lower T cell proliferation-promoting cytokines, and higher bacterial loads post-infection, possibly increasing their susceptibility to V. vulnificus infection. These new findings we presented here may help to advance the current understanding of the reasons why patients with liver disease are susceptible to V. vulnificus infection and provides potential targets for further investigation in the context of treatment options for V. vulnificus sepsis in liver disease patient. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-08-20 /pmc/articles/PMC8417779/ /pubmed/34489943 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.695491 Text en Copyright © 2021 Feng, Li, Zhang, Ni, Bai, Xu, Liu, Xin, Kang, Gao, Wang, Li, Li, Yuan and Wang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Immunology Feng, Zi-Han Li, Shi-Qing Zhang, Jia-Xin Ni, Bin Bai, Xin-Ru Xu, Jian-Hao Liu, Zhen-Bo Xin, Wen-Wen Kang, Lin Gao, Shan Wang, Jing Li, Yan-Wei Li, Jia-Xin Yuan, Yuan Wang, Jing-Lin Analysis of Gene Expression Profiles, Cytokines, and Bacterial Loads Relevant to Alcoholic Liver Disease Mice Infected With V. vulnificus |
title | Analysis of Gene Expression Profiles, Cytokines, and Bacterial Loads Relevant to Alcoholic Liver Disease Mice Infected With V. vulnificus |
title_full | Analysis of Gene Expression Profiles, Cytokines, and Bacterial Loads Relevant to Alcoholic Liver Disease Mice Infected With V. vulnificus |
title_fullStr | Analysis of Gene Expression Profiles, Cytokines, and Bacterial Loads Relevant to Alcoholic Liver Disease Mice Infected With V. vulnificus |
title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of Gene Expression Profiles, Cytokines, and Bacterial Loads Relevant to Alcoholic Liver Disease Mice Infected With V. vulnificus |
title_short | Analysis of Gene Expression Profiles, Cytokines, and Bacterial Loads Relevant to Alcoholic Liver Disease Mice Infected With V. vulnificus |
title_sort | analysis of gene expression profiles, cytokines, and bacterial loads relevant to alcoholic liver disease mice infected with v. vulnificus |
topic | Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8417779/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34489943 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.695491 |
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