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Assessing rice production sustainability performance indicators and their gaps in twelve sub-Saharan African countries

The benchmarking and monitoring of rice production performance indicators are essential for improving rice production self-sufficiency, increasing profitability, reducing labor requirements, optimizing fertilizer inputs, engaging youths in rice production, and increasing the overall sustainability o...

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Autores principales: Arouna, Aminou, Devkota, Krishna Prasad, Yergo, Wilfried Gnipabo, Saito, Kazuki, Frimpong, Benedicta Nsiah, Adegbola, Patrice Ygue, Depieu, Meougbe Ernest, Kenyi, Dorothy Malaa, Ibro, Germaine, Fall, Amadou Abdoulaye, Usman, Sani
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8417817/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34539047
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2021.108263
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author Arouna, Aminou
Devkota, Krishna Prasad
Yergo, Wilfried Gnipabo
Saito, Kazuki
Frimpong, Benedicta Nsiah
Adegbola, Patrice Ygue
Depieu, Meougbe Ernest
Kenyi, Dorothy Malaa
Ibro, Germaine
Fall, Amadou Abdoulaye
Usman, Sani
author_facet Arouna, Aminou
Devkota, Krishna Prasad
Yergo, Wilfried Gnipabo
Saito, Kazuki
Frimpong, Benedicta Nsiah
Adegbola, Patrice Ygue
Depieu, Meougbe Ernest
Kenyi, Dorothy Malaa
Ibro, Germaine
Fall, Amadou Abdoulaye
Usman, Sani
author_sort Arouna, Aminou
collection PubMed
description The benchmarking and monitoring of rice production performance indicators are essential for improving rice production self-sufficiency, increasing profitability, reducing labor requirements, optimizing fertilizer inputs, engaging youths in rice production, and increasing the overall sustainability of smallholder rice production systems in countries in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). In this paper, we quantified five sustainability performance indicators (grain yield, net profit, labor productivity, and nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) use efficiencies) to benchmark rice production systems in SSA. Data were collected between 2013–2014 from 2907 farmers from two rice production systems (irrigated and rainfed lowlands) across five agroecological zones (arid, semiarid, humid, subhumid and highlands) in 12 countries (Benin, Cameroon, Cote d’Ivoire, Ghana, Madagascar, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Tanzania and Togo). The exploitable gap for each indicator (the difference between the mean of 10 % highest-yielding farms and the mean-yielding farms) was calculated across the countries, the two production systems and agroecological zones. The mean yield varied widely between 2.5 to 5.6 t ha(−1) and 0.6 to 2.3 t ha(−1) in irrigated and rainfed lowlands, respectively, with an average yield of 4.1 and 1.4 t ha(−1), respectively. Across the country-production system combinations, there were yield gaps of 29–69 %, profit gaps of 10–89 %, and labor productivity gaps reaching 71 %. Yield, profit, and labor productivity were positively correlated. They were also positively correlated with N and P fertilizer application rate, but not with N and P use efficiencies. Only between 34–44 % of farmers had desirable ranges in N- or P-use efficiencies in the two production systems. All sites for rainfed lowlands were characterized by low-yield and large gaps in yield, profit, and labor productivity, whereas irrigated lowlands in some countries (Madagascar, Mali, and Togo) have similar characteristics as rainfed ones. We conclude that there is an urgent need to disseminate precision nutrient management practices for optimizing nutrient use efficiency and enhancing rice performance indicators especially in rainfed lowlands as well as low-yielding irrigated lowlands. Furthermore, we propose recommendations for specific categories (i.e. farmer, rice production system, agroecological zone and country) to close performance indicator gaps and to allow the production at scale to achieve rice self-sufficiency in SSA.
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spelling pubmed-84178172021-09-15 Assessing rice production sustainability performance indicators and their gaps in twelve sub-Saharan African countries Arouna, Aminou Devkota, Krishna Prasad Yergo, Wilfried Gnipabo Saito, Kazuki Frimpong, Benedicta Nsiah Adegbola, Patrice Ygue Depieu, Meougbe Ernest Kenyi, Dorothy Malaa Ibro, Germaine Fall, Amadou Abdoulaye Usman, Sani Field Crops Res Article The benchmarking and monitoring of rice production performance indicators are essential for improving rice production self-sufficiency, increasing profitability, reducing labor requirements, optimizing fertilizer inputs, engaging youths in rice production, and increasing the overall sustainability of smallholder rice production systems in countries in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). In this paper, we quantified five sustainability performance indicators (grain yield, net profit, labor productivity, and nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) use efficiencies) to benchmark rice production systems in SSA. Data were collected between 2013–2014 from 2907 farmers from two rice production systems (irrigated and rainfed lowlands) across five agroecological zones (arid, semiarid, humid, subhumid and highlands) in 12 countries (Benin, Cameroon, Cote d’Ivoire, Ghana, Madagascar, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Tanzania and Togo). The exploitable gap for each indicator (the difference between the mean of 10 % highest-yielding farms and the mean-yielding farms) was calculated across the countries, the two production systems and agroecological zones. The mean yield varied widely between 2.5 to 5.6 t ha(−1) and 0.6 to 2.3 t ha(−1) in irrigated and rainfed lowlands, respectively, with an average yield of 4.1 and 1.4 t ha(−1), respectively. Across the country-production system combinations, there were yield gaps of 29–69 %, profit gaps of 10–89 %, and labor productivity gaps reaching 71 %. Yield, profit, and labor productivity were positively correlated. They were also positively correlated with N and P fertilizer application rate, but not with N and P use efficiencies. Only between 34–44 % of farmers had desirable ranges in N- or P-use efficiencies in the two production systems. All sites for rainfed lowlands were characterized by low-yield and large gaps in yield, profit, and labor productivity, whereas irrigated lowlands in some countries (Madagascar, Mali, and Togo) have similar characteristics as rainfed ones. We conclude that there is an urgent need to disseminate precision nutrient management practices for optimizing nutrient use efficiency and enhancing rice performance indicators especially in rainfed lowlands as well as low-yielding irrigated lowlands. Furthermore, we propose recommendations for specific categories (i.e. farmer, rice production system, agroecological zone and country) to close performance indicator gaps and to allow the production at scale to achieve rice self-sufficiency in SSA. Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co 2021-09-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8417817/ /pubmed/34539047 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2021.108263 Text en © 2021 The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Arouna, Aminou
Devkota, Krishna Prasad
Yergo, Wilfried Gnipabo
Saito, Kazuki
Frimpong, Benedicta Nsiah
Adegbola, Patrice Ygue
Depieu, Meougbe Ernest
Kenyi, Dorothy Malaa
Ibro, Germaine
Fall, Amadou Abdoulaye
Usman, Sani
Assessing rice production sustainability performance indicators and their gaps in twelve sub-Saharan African countries
title Assessing rice production sustainability performance indicators and their gaps in twelve sub-Saharan African countries
title_full Assessing rice production sustainability performance indicators and their gaps in twelve sub-Saharan African countries
title_fullStr Assessing rice production sustainability performance indicators and their gaps in twelve sub-Saharan African countries
title_full_unstemmed Assessing rice production sustainability performance indicators and their gaps in twelve sub-Saharan African countries
title_short Assessing rice production sustainability performance indicators and their gaps in twelve sub-Saharan African countries
title_sort assessing rice production sustainability performance indicators and their gaps in twelve sub-saharan african countries
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8417817/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34539047
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2021.108263
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