Cargando…

A Defined Antigen Skin Test for Diagnosis of Bovine Tuberculosis in Domestic Water Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)

Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) remains endemic in domestic water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in India and elsewhere, with limited options for control other than testing and slaughter. The prescribed tuberculin skin tests with purified protein derivative (PPD) for diagnosis of bTB preclude the use of Baci...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Kumar, Tarun, Singh, Mahavir, Jangir, Babu Lal, Arora, Devan, Srinivasan, Sreenidhi, Bidhan, Devender, Yadav, Dipin Chander, Veerasami, Maroudam, Bakker, Douwe, Kapur, Vivek, Jindal, Naresh
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8418101/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34490387
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.669898
_version_ 1783748514292957184
author Kumar, Tarun
Singh, Mahavir
Jangir, Babu Lal
Arora, Devan
Srinivasan, Sreenidhi
Bidhan, Devender
Yadav, Dipin Chander
Veerasami, Maroudam
Bakker, Douwe
Kapur, Vivek
Jindal, Naresh
author_facet Kumar, Tarun
Singh, Mahavir
Jangir, Babu Lal
Arora, Devan
Srinivasan, Sreenidhi
Bidhan, Devender
Yadav, Dipin Chander
Veerasami, Maroudam
Bakker, Douwe
Kapur, Vivek
Jindal, Naresh
author_sort Kumar, Tarun
collection PubMed
description Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) remains endemic in domestic water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in India and elsewhere, with limited options for control other than testing and slaughter. The prescribed tuberculin skin tests with purified protein derivative (PPD) for diagnosis of bTB preclude the use of Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-based vaccination because of the antigenic cross-reactivity of vaccine strains with Mycobacterium bovis and related pathogenic members of the M. tuberculosis complex (MTBC). For the diagnosis of bTB in domestic water buffaloes, we here assessed a recently described defined-antigen skin test (DST) that comprises overlapping peptides representing the ESAT-6, CFP-10 and Rv3615c antigens, present in disease-causing members of the MTBC but missing in BCG strains. The performance characteristics of three doses (5, 10 or 20 μg/peptide) of the DST were assessed in natural tuberculin skin test reactor (n = 11) and non-reactor (n = 35) water buffaloes at an organized dairy farm in Hisar, India, and results were compared with the single intradermal skin test (SIT) using standard bovine tuberculin (PPD-B). The results showed a dose-dependent response of DST in natural reactor water buffaloes, although the SIT induced a significantly greater (P < 0.001) skin test response than the highest dose of DST used. However, using a cut-off of 2 mm or greater, the 5, 10, and 20 μg DST cocktail correctly classified eight, 10 and all 11 of the SIT-positive reactors, respectively, suggesting that the 20 μg DST cocktail has a diagnostic sensitivity (Se) of 1.0 (95% CI: 0.72–1.0) identical to that of the SIT. Importantly, none of the tested DST doses induced any measurable skin induration responses in the 35 SIT-negative animals, suggesting a specificity point estimate of 1.0 (95% CI: 0.9–1.0), also identical to that of the SIT and compares favorably with that of the comparative cervical test (Se = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.55–0.98). Overall, the results suggest that similar to tuberculin, the DST enables sensitive and specific diagnosis of bTB in water buffaloes. Future field trials to explore the utility of DST as a defined antigen replacement for tuberculin in routine surveillance programs and to enable BCG vaccination of water buffaloes are warranted.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8418101
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-84181012021-09-05 A Defined Antigen Skin Test for Diagnosis of Bovine Tuberculosis in Domestic Water Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) Kumar, Tarun Singh, Mahavir Jangir, Babu Lal Arora, Devan Srinivasan, Sreenidhi Bidhan, Devender Yadav, Dipin Chander Veerasami, Maroudam Bakker, Douwe Kapur, Vivek Jindal, Naresh Front Vet Sci Veterinary Science Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) remains endemic in domestic water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in India and elsewhere, with limited options for control other than testing and slaughter. The prescribed tuberculin skin tests with purified protein derivative (PPD) for diagnosis of bTB preclude the use of Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-based vaccination because of the antigenic cross-reactivity of vaccine strains with Mycobacterium bovis and related pathogenic members of the M. tuberculosis complex (MTBC). For the diagnosis of bTB in domestic water buffaloes, we here assessed a recently described defined-antigen skin test (DST) that comprises overlapping peptides representing the ESAT-6, CFP-10 and Rv3615c antigens, present in disease-causing members of the MTBC but missing in BCG strains. The performance characteristics of three doses (5, 10 or 20 μg/peptide) of the DST were assessed in natural tuberculin skin test reactor (n = 11) and non-reactor (n = 35) water buffaloes at an organized dairy farm in Hisar, India, and results were compared with the single intradermal skin test (SIT) using standard bovine tuberculin (PPD-B). The results showed a dose-dependent response of DST in natural reactor water buffaloes, although the SIT induced a significantly greater (P < 0.001) skin test response than the highest dose of DST used. However, using a cut-off of 2 mm or greater, the 5, 10, and 20 μg DST cocktail correctly classified eight, 10 and all 11 of the SIT-positive reactors, respectively, suggesting that the 20 μg DST cocktail has a diagnostic sensitivity (Se) of 1.0 (95% CI: 0.72–1.0) identical to that of the SIT. Importantly, none of the tested DST doses induced any measurable skin induration responses in the 35 SIT-negative animals, suggesting a specificity point estimate of 1.0 (95% CI: 0.9–1.0), also identical to that of the SIT and compares favorably with that of the comparative cervical test (Se = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.55–0.98). Overall, the results suggest that similar to tuberculin, the DST enables sensitive and specific diagnosis of bTB in water buffaloes. Future field trials to explore the utility of DST as a defined antigen replacement for tuberculin in routine surveillance programs and to enable BCG vaccination of water buffaloes are warranted. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-08-16 /pmc/articles/PMC8418101/ /pubmed/34490387 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.669898 Text en Copyright © 2021 Kumar, Singh, Jangir, Arora, Srinivasan, Bidhan, Yadav, Veerasami, Bakker, Kapur and Jindal. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Veterinary Science
Kumar, Tarun
Singh, Mahavir
Jangir, Babu Lal
Arora, Devan
Srinivasan, Sreenidhi
Bidhan, Devender
Yadav, Dipin Chander
Veerasami, Maroudam
Bakker, Douwe
Kapur, Vivek
Jindal, Naresh
A Defined Antigen Skin Test for Diagnosis of Bovine Tuberculosis in Domestic Water Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)
title A Defined Antigen Skin Test for Diagnosis of Bovine Tuberculosis in Domestic Water Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)
title_full A Defined Antigen Skin Test for Diagnosis of Bovine Tuberculosis in Domestic Water Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)
title_fullStr A Defined Antigen Skin Test for Diagnosis of Bovine Tuberculosis in Domestic Water Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)
title_full_unstemmed A Defined Antigen Skin Test for Diagnosis of Bovine Tuberculosis in Domestic Water Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)
title_short A Defined Antigen Skin Test for Diagnosis of Bovine Tuberculosis in Domestic Water Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)
title_sort defined antigen skin test for diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis in domestic water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis)
topic Veterinary Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8418101/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34490387
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.669898
work_keys_str_mv AT kumartarun adefinedantigenskintestfordiagnosisofbovinetuberculosisindomesticwaterbuffaloesbubalusbubalis
AT singhmahavir adefinedantigenskintestfordiagnosisofbovinetuberculosisindomesticwaterbuffaloesbubalusbubalis
AT jangirbabulal adefinedantigenskintestfordiagnosisofbovinetuberculosisindomesticwaterbuffaloesbubalusbubalis
AT aroradevan adefinedantigenskintestfordiagnosisofbovinetuberculosisindomesticwaterbuffaloesbubalusbubalis
AT srinivasansreenidhi adefinedantigenskintestfordiagnosisofbovinetuberculosisindomesticwaterbuffaloesbubalusbubalis
AT bidhandevender adefinedantigenskintestfordiagnosisofbovinetuberculosisindomesticwaterbuffaloesbubalusbubalis
AT yadavdipinchander adefinedantigenskintestfordiagnosisofbovinetuberculosisindomesticwaterbuffaloesbubalusbubalis
AT veerasamimaroudam adefinedantigenskintestfordiagnosisofbovinetuberculosisindomesticwaterbuffaloesbubalusbubalis
AT bakkerdouwe adefinedantigenskintestfordiagnosisofbovinetuberculosisindomesticwaterbuffaloesbubalusbubalis
AT kapurvivek adefinedantigenskintestfordiagnosisofbovinetuberculosisindomesticwaterbuffaloesbubalusbubalis
AT jindalnaresh adefinedantigenskintestfordiagnosisofbovinetuberculosisindomesticwaterbuffaloesbubalusbubalis
AT kumartarun definedantigenskintestfordiagnosisofbovinetuberculosisindomesticwaterbuffaloesbubalusbubalis
AT singhmahavir definedantigenskintestfordiagnosisofbovinetuberculosisindomesticwaterbuffaloesbubalusbubalis
AT jangirbabulal definedantigenskintestfordiagnosisofbovinetuberculosisindomesticwaterbuffaloesbubalusbubalis
AT aroradevan definedantigenskintestfordiagnosisofbovinetuberculosisindomesticwaterbuffaloesbubalusbubalis
AT srinivasansreenidhi definedantigenskintestfordiagnosisofbovinetuberculosisindomesticwaterbuffaloesbubalusbubalis
AT bidhandevender definedantigenskintestfordiagnosisofbovinetuberculosisindomesticwaterbuffaloesbubalusbubalis
AT yadavdipinchander definedantigenskintestfordiagnosisofbovinetuberculosisindomesticwaterbuffaloesbubalusbubalis
AT veerasamimaroudam definedantigenskintestfordiagnosisofbovinetuberculosisindomesticwaterbuffaloesbubalusbubalis
AT bakkerdouwe definedantigenskintestfordiagnosisofbovinetuberculosisindomesticwaterbuffaloesbubalusbubalis
AT kapurvivek definedantigenskintestfordiagnosisofbovinetuberculosisindomesticwaterbuffaloesbubalusbubalis
AT jindalnaresh definedantigenskintestfordiagnosisofbovinetuberculosisindomesticwaterbuffaloesbubalusbubalis