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Prevalence of tet(X4) in Escherichia coli From Duck Farms in Southeast China
OBJECTIVES: Carbapenems, colistin, and tigecycline are critically important antibiotics in clinics. After the global appearance of bla(NDM) and mcr mediating the resistance to carbapenems and colistin, respectively, tigecycline becomes the last-resort drug against severe human infections caused by m...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8419466/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34497596 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.716393 |
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author | Yu, Yang Cui, Chao-Yue Kuang, Xu Chen, Chong Wang, Min-Ge Liao, Xiao-Ping Sun, Jian Liu, Ya-Hong |
author_facet | Yu, Yang Cui, Chao-Yue Kuang, Xu Chen, Chong Wang, Min-Ge Liao, Xiao-Ping Sun, Jian Liu, Ya-Hong |
author_sort | Yu, Yang |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVES: Carbapenems, colistin, and tigecycline are critically important antibiotics in clinics. After the global appearance of bla(NDM) and mcr mediating the resistance to carbapenems and colistin, respectively, tigecycline becomes the last-resort drug against severe human infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. Recently, a mobile tigecycline resistance gene tet(X4) has been identified in Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Acinetobacter baumannii that causes high resistance to tigecycline and other tetracyclines. In this study, the prevalence of tet(X4) in E. coli isolates from duck and goose farms in Southeast China was identified and characterized. METHODS: Feces, soil, sewage, and dust samples were collected from duck and goose farms along with the southeast coast provinces of China. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and polymerase chain reaction screening were performed to investigate the phenotype and genotype of tigecycline resistance. Conjugation, S1 pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and whole-genome sequencing were used to determine the transferability, genetic location, and the genomic characteristics of tet(X4). RESULTS: In total, 1,716 samples were collected, and 16 isolates (0.9%) recovered from Guangdong, Shandong, and Jiangsu were positive for tet(X4) gene with tigecycline minimum inhibitory concentrations ≥16 mg/L. Notably, among these tet(X4)-positive E. coil isolates, seven of them were from the environment samples (soil and sewage). PFGE and multilocus sequence typing demonstrated that ST3997 was the most prevalent sequence type (eight isolates, 50%) in Jiangsu province. By conjugation assays, 11 isolates were able to transfer tet(X4) plasmid to E. coli C600 recipient, and these plasmids belonged to IncHI1 and IncX1 detected by sequence analysis. tet(X4) was found adjacent to an insertion sequence ISCR2 downstream and a catD gene upstream for all isolates. In addition, multiple-drug resistance to tigecycline, chlortetracycline, ampicillin, florfenicol, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and fosfomycin was profiled in most of the tet(X4)-positive isolates. CONCLUSION: The identification of tet(X4) harboring E. coli strains in duck farms and their surrounding environment enlarges our knowledge of the variety and prevalence of tigecycline resistance. The prevalence of tet(X4) raises concern for the use of tetracyclines in animal farming, and the tet(X4) gene should be listed as primary gene for resistance surveillance. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8419466 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84194662021-09-07 Prevalence of tet(X4) in Escherichia coli From Duck Farms in Southeast China Yu, Yang Cui, Chao-Yue Kuang, Xu Chen, Chong Wang, Min-Ge Liao, Xiao-Ping Sun, Jian Liu, Ya-Hong Front Microbiol Microbiology OBJECTIVES: Carbapenems, colistin, and tigecycline are critically important antibiotics in clinics. After the global appearance of bla(NDM) and mcr mediating the resistance to carbapenems and colistin, respectively, tigecycline becomes the last-resort drug against severe human infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. Recently, a mobile tigecycline resistance gene tet(X4) has been identified in Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Acinetobacter baumannii that causes high resistance to tigecycline and other tetracyclines. In this study, the prevalence of tet(X4) in E. coli isolates from duck and goose farms in Southeast China was identified and characterized. METHODS: Feces, soil, sewage, and dust samples were collected from duck and goose farms along with the southeast coast provinces of China. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and polymerase chain reaction screening were performed to investigate the phenotype and genotype of tigecycline resistance. Conjugation, S1 pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and whole-genome sequencing were used to determine the transferability, genetic location, and the genomic characteristics of tet(X4). RESULTS: In total, 1,716 samples were collected, and 16 isolates (0.9%) recovered from Guangdong, Shandong, and Jiangsu were positive for tet(X4) gene with tigecycline minimum inhibitory concentrations ≥16 mg/L. Notably, among these tet(X4)-positive E. coil isolates, seven of them were from the environment samples (soil and sewage). PFGE and multilocus sequence typing demonstrated that ST3997 was the most prevalent sequence type (eight isolates, 50%) in Jiangsu province. By conjugation assays, 11 isolates were able to transfer tet(X4) plasmid to E. coli C600 recipient, and these plasmids belonged to IncHI1 and IncX1 detected by sequence analysis. tet(X4) was found adjacent to an insertion sequence ISCR2 downstream and a catD gene upstream for all isolates. In addition, multiple-drug resistance to tigecycline, chlortetracycline, ampicillin, florfenicol, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and fosfomycin was profiled in most of the tet(X4)-positive isolates. CONCLUSION: The identification of tet(X4) harboring E. coli strains in duck farms and their surrounding environment enlarges our knowledge of the variety and prevalence of tigecycline resistance. The prevalence of tet(X4) raises concern for the use of tetracyclines in animal farming, and the tet(X4) gene should be listed as primary gene for resistance surveillance. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-08-23 /pmc/articles/PMC8419466/ /pubmed/34497596 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.716393 Text en Copyright © 2021 Yu, Cui, Kuang, Chen, Wang, Liao, Sun and Liu. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Microbiology Yu, Yang Cui, Chao-Yue Kuang, Xu Chen, Chong Wang, Min-Ge Liao, Xiao-Ping Sun, Jian Liu, Ya-Hong Prevalence of tet(X4) in Escherichia coli From Duck Farms in Southeast China |
title | Prevalence of tet(X4) in Escherichia coli From Duck Farms in Southeast China |
title_full | Prevalence of tet(X4) in Escherichia coli From Duck Farms in Southeast China |
title_fullStr | Prevalence of tet(X4) in Escherichia coli From Duck Farms in Southeast China |
title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of tet(X4) in Escherichia coli From Duck Farms in Southeast China |
title_short | Prevalence of tet(X4) in Escherichia coli From Duck Farms in Southeast China |
title_sort | prevalence of tet(x4) in escherichia coli from duck farms in southeast china |
topic | Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8419466/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34497596 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.716393 |
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