Cargando…

Training Programs for Fundamental and Clinician-Scientists: Balanced Outcomes for Graduates by Gender

BACKGROUND: Women scientists are less likely to obtain Assistant Professorship and achieve promotion, and obtain less grant funding than men. Scientist/clinician-scientist training programs which provide salary awards as well as training and mentorship are a potential intervention to improve outcome...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Rampersad, Christie, Alexander, Todd, Fowler, Elisabeth, Hartwig, Sunny, Levin, Adeera, Rosenblum, Norman D., Samuel, Susan, Wiebe, Chris, Ho, Julie
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE Publications 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8419530/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34497716
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20543581211033405
_version_ 1783748772179738624
author Rampersad, Christie
Alexander, Todd
Fowler, Elisabeth
Hartwig, Sunny
Levin, Adeera
Rosenblum, Norman D.
Samuel, Susan
Wiebe, Chris
Ho, Julie
author_facet Rampersad, Christie
Alexander, Todd
Fowler, Elisabeth
Hartwig, Sunny
Levin, Adeera
Rosenblum, Norman D.
Samuel, Susan
Wiebe, Chris
Ho, Julie
author_sort Rampersad, Christie
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Women scientists are less likely to obtain Assistant Professorship and achieve promotion, and obtain less grant funding than men. Scientist/clinician-scientist training programs which provide salary awards as well as training and mentorship are a potential intervention to improve outcomes among women scientists. We hypothesized whether a programmatic approach to scientist/clinician-scientist training is associated with improved outcomes for women scientists in Canada when compared with salary awards alone. Trainees within the Kidney Research Scientist Core Education and National Training Program (KRESCENT), Canadian Child Health Clinician Scientist Program (CCHCSP), and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) salary award programs were evaluated. OBJECTIVE: To examine whether the structured KRESCENT training program with salary support improves academic success for women scientists relative to salary awards alone. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Canadian national research scientist and clinician-scientist training programs and salary awards. PARTICIPANTS: KRESCENT cohort (n = 59, 2005-2017), CCHCSP cohort (n = 58, 2002-2015), and CIHR (n = 571, 2005-2015) Salary Awardees for postdoctoral fellows (PDF) and new investigators (NI). MEASUREMENTS: National operating grant funding success, achieving an academic position as an Assistant Professor for PDF, or achieving promotion to Associate Professor for NI. METHODS: The gender distribution of each cohort was determined using first name and NamepediA and was examined for PDF and NI, followed by a description of trainee outcomes by gender and training level. RESULTS: KRESCENT and CIHR PDF were balanced (12/27, 44% men and 55/116, 47% women) while CCHCSP had a higher proportion of women (13/20, 65%). KRESCENT and CCHCSP NI retained women scientists (19/32, 59% and 22/38, 58% women), whereas CIHR NI had fewer women (165/455, 36% women vs 290/455, 64% men, P = 0.01). There was a high rate of NI operating grant success (91%-95%) with no gender differences in each cohort. There was a high proportion of CCHCSP PDF who achieved an Assistant Professorship (18/20, 90%) that may be due in part to a longer follow-up period (9.3 ± 3 years) compared with KRESCENT PDF (7/27, 26%, 0.88 ± 4.5 years), and these data were not available for CIHR PDF. Women KRESCENT NI showed increased promotion to Associate Professor (P = 0.02, 0.25 ± 3.2 years follow-up) and CCHCSP NI had high promotion rates (37/38, 97%, 6.9 ± 3.6 years follow-up) irrespective of gender. There was an overall trend toward more men pursuing biomedical research. LIMITATIONS: KRESCENT and CCHCSP training program cohort size and heterogeneity; assigning gender by first name may result in misclassification; lack of data on the respective applicant pools; and inability to examine intersectionality with gender, ethnicity, and sexual orientation. CONCLUSION: Overall trainee performance across programs is remarkable by community standards regardless of gender. KRESCENT and CCHCSP training programs demonstrated balanced success in their PDF and NI, whereas the CIHR awardees had reduced representation of women scientists from PDF to NI. This exploratory study highlights the utility of programmatic training approaches like the KRESCENT program as potential tools to support and retain women scientists in the academic pipeline during the challenging PDF to NI transition period.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8419530
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher SAGE Publications
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-84195302021-09-07 Training Programs for Fundamental and Clinician-Scientists: Balanced Outcomes for Graduates by Gender Rampersad, Christie Alexander, Todd Fowler, Elisabeth Hartwig, Sunny Levin, Adeera Rosenblum, Norman D. Samuel, Susan Wiebe, Chris Ho, Julie Can J Kidney Health Dis Original Clinical Research Quantitative BACKGROUND: Women scientists are less likely to obtain Assistant Professorship and achieve promotion, and obtain less grant funding than men. Scientist/clinician-scientist training programs which provide salary awards as well as training and mentorship are a potential intervention to improve outcomes among women scientists. We hypothesized whether a programmatic approach to scientist/clinician-scientist training is associated with improved outcomes for women scientists in Canada when compared with salary awards alone. Trainees within the Kidney Research Scientist Core Education and National Training Program (KRESCENT), Canadian Child Health Clinician Scientist Program (CCHCSP), and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) salary award programs were evaluated. OBJECTIVE: To examine whether the structured KRESCENT training program with salary support improves academic success for women scientists relative to salary awards alone. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Canadian national research scientist and clinician-scientist training programs and salary awards. PARTICIPANTS: KRESCENT cohort (n = 59, 2005-2017), CCHCSP cohort (n = 58, 2002-2015), and CIHR (n = 571, 2005-2015) Salary Awardees for postdoctoral fellows (PDF) and new investigators (NI). MEASUREMENTS: National operating grant funding success, achieving an academic position as an Assistant Professor for PDF, or achieving promotion to Associate Professor for NI. METHODS: The gender distribution of each cohort was determined using first name and NamepediA and was examined for PDF and NI, followed by a description of trainee outcomes by gender and training level. RESULTS: KRESCENT and CIHR PDF were balanced (12/27, 44% men and 55/116, 47% women) while CCHCSP had a higher proportion of women (13/20, 65%). KRESCENT and CCHCSP NI retained women scientists (19/32, 59% and 22/38, 58% women), whereas CIHR NI had fewer women (165/455, 36% women vs 290/455, 64% men, P = 0.01). There was a high rate of NI operating grant success (91%-95%) with no gender differences in each cohort. There was a high proportion of CCHCSP PDF who achieved an Assistant Professorship (18/20, 90%) that may be due in part to a longer follow-up period (9.3 ± 3 years) compared with KRESCENT PDF (7/27, 26%, 0.88 ± 4.5 years), and these data were not available for CIHR PDF. Women KRESCENT NI showed increased promotion to Associate Professor (P = 0.02, 0.25 ± 3.2 years follow-up) and CCHCSP NI had high promotion rates (37/38, 97%, 6.9 ± 3.6 years follow-up) irrespective of gender. There was an overall trend toward more men pursuing biomedical research. LIMITATIONS: KRESCENT and CCHCSP training program cohort size and heterogeneity; assigning gender by first name may result in misclassification; lack of data on the respective applicant pools; and inability to examine intersectionality with gender, ethnicity, and sexual orientation. CONCLUSION: Overall trainee performance across programs is remarkable by community standards regardless of gender. KRESCENT and CCHCSP training programs demonstrated balanced success in their PDF and NI, whereas the CIHR awardees had reduced representation of women scientists from PDF to NI. This exploratory study highlights the utility of programmatic training approaches like the KRESCENT program as potential tools to support and retain women scientists in the academic pipeline during the challenging PDF to NI transition period. SAGE Publications 2021-09-02 /pmc/articles/PMC8419530/ /pubmed/34497716 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20543581211033405 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
spellingShingle Original Clinical Research Quantitative
Rampersad, Christie
Alexander, Todd
Fowler, Elisabeth
Hartwig, Sunny
Levin, Adeera
Rosenblum, Norman D.
Samuel, Susan
Wiebe, Chris
Ho, Julie
Training Programs for Fundamental and Clinician-Scientists: Balanced Outcomes for Graduates by Gender
title Training Programs for Fundamental and Clinician-Scientists: Balanced Outcomes for Graduates by Gender
title_full Training Programs for Fundamental and Clinician-Scientists: Balanced Outcomes for Graduates by Gender
title_fullStr Training Programs for Fundamental and Clinician-Scientists: Balanced Outcomes for Graduates by Gender
title_full_unstemmed Training Programs for Fundamental and Clinician-Scientists: Balanced Outcomes for Graduates by Gender
title_short Training Programs for Fundamental and Clinician-Scientists: Balanced Outcomes for Graduates by Gender
title_sort training programs for fundamental and clinician-scientists: balanced outcomes for graduates by gender
topic Original Clinical Research Quantitative
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8419530/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34497716
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20543581211033405
work_keys_str_mv AT rampersadchristie trainingprogramsforfundamentalandclinicianscientistsbalancedoutcomesforgraduatesbygender
AT alexandertodd trainingprogramsforfundamentalandclinicianscientistsbalancedoutcomesforgraduatesbygender
AT fowlerelisabeth trainingprogramsforfundamentalandclinicianscientistsbalancedoutcomesforgraduatesbygender
AT hartwigsunny trainingprogramsforfundamentalandclinicianscientistsbalancedoutcomesforgraduatesbygender
AT levinadeera trainingprogramsforfundamentalandclinicianscientistsbalancedoutcomesforgraduatesbygender
AT rosenblumnormand trainingprogramsforfundamentalandclinicianscientistsbalancedoutcomesforgraduatesbygender
AT samuelsusan trainingprogramsforfundamentalandclinicianscientistsbalancedoutcomesforgraduatesbygender
AT wiebechris trainingprogramsforfundamentalandclinicianscientistsbalancedoutcomesforgraduatesbygender
AT hojulie trainingprogramsforfundamentalandclinicianscientistsbalancedoutcomesforgraduatesbygender