Tissue Mitral Annular Displacement in Patients With Myocardial Infarction　― Comparison With Global Longitudinal Strain ―

Background: Global longitudinal strain (GLS) can predict prognosis after myocardial infarction (MI). Tissue mitral annular displacement (TMAD) is another index of longitudinal left ventricular deformity, and is less dependent on image quality than GLS. We investigated the relationship between TMAD and GLS, and their ability to predict outcomes after MI. Methods and Results: GLS and TMAD were measured on echocardiograms 2 weeks after MI in 246 consecutive patients (median age 62 years, 85.7% male). TMAD was measured from apical 4- and 2-chamber views (TMAD(4ch) and TMAD(2ch), respectively), and a mean value (TMAD(av)) was calculated. TMAD(4ch), TMAD(2ch), and GLS were successfully measured in 240 (97.5%), 210 (85.3%) and 214 patients (87.0%), respectively. All TMAD parameters were significantly correlated with GLS (R=0.71–0.75) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF; R=0.48–0.53). TMAD parameters were weakly correlated with peak creatine kinase (CK; R=0.20) and CK-MB (R=0.21–0.25). GLS and TMAD(av) were significantly associated with LVEF after 6 months (R=0.48–0.53) and all-cause mortality during the follow-up period (median 1,242 days). TMAD(av) discriminated patients with higher all-cause mortality when patients were divided into 3 groups, namely upper 25%, middle range, and lower 25% of TMAD(av) (P=0.041, log-rank test). GLS detected high-risk patients using 15.0% as a cut-off value. Conclusions: TMAD could be a simple and reliable alternative to GLS for predicting outcomes in patients with MI.