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Associations between age and cortisol awakening response in patients with borderline personality disorder

Patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) often display increased stress vulnerability, which may be linked to altered hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis functioning. Corresponding deviations of the cortisol awakening response (CAR) are presumed to mirror maladaptive neuroendocrine...

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Autores principales: Rausch, Juliane, Flach, Elisa, Panizza, Angelika, Brunner, Romuald, Herpertz, Sabine C., Kaess, Michael, Bertsch, Katja
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Vienna 2021
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Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8423694/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34390395
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00702-021-02402-3
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author Rausch, Juliane
Flach, Elisa
Panizza, Angelika
Brunner, Romuald
Herpertz, Sabine C.
Kaess, Michael
Bertsch, Katja
author_facet Rausch, Juliane
Flach, Elisa
Panizza, Angelika
Brunner, Romuald
Herpertz, Sabine C.
Kaess, Michael
Bertsch, Katja
author_sort Rausch, Juliane
collection PubMed
description Patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) often display increased stress vulnerability, which may be linked to altered hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis functioning. Corresponding deviations of the cortisol awakening response (CAR) are presumed to mirror maladaptive neuroendocrine processes, which may explain why CARs are increased compared to healthy controls (HC). Prior research speculated that these alterations may be caused by early life stress and/or chronic stress related to the ongoing burden of the disorder. Yet, it remains to be investigated how BPD influences CAR in the course of development. Therefore, the current study examined CAR in female adolescents and adults with BPD compared to HC with a particular focus on associations with age. These potential associations were especially focused, as it was hypothesized that the CAR would be even more elevated (i.e., higher) in older individuals with BPD. CAR was assessed in 54 female individuals with BPD (aged 15–40 years) and 54 sex-, age-, and intelligence-matched HC (aged 15–48 years). Group differences were investigated and analyses of covariance using age as continuous predictor were performed to analyze potential developmental associations with CAR alongside BPD-specific effects. Pearson’s correlations were calculated to examine associations between CAR and age. Analyses were repeated with potential confounders as control factors. Results not only demonstrated increased CARs in female individuals with BPD compared to HC but demonstrated elevated CARs with increasing age in BPD individuals exclusively. Effects remained stable after controlling for potential confounders. Thereby, findings suggest that endocrine alterations in BPD may reinforce with increasing age and BPD chronicity.
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spelling pubmed-84236942021-09-09 Associations between age and cortisol awakening response in patients with borderline personality disorder Rausch, Juliane Flach, Elisa Panizza, Angelika Brunner, Romuald Herpertz, Sabine C. Kaess, Michael Bertsch, Katja J Neural Transm (Vienna) Psychiatry and Preclinical Psychiatric Studies - Original Article Patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) often display increased stress vulnerability, which may be linked to altered hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis functioning. Corresponding deviations of the cortisol awakening response (CAR) are presumed to mirror maladaptive neuroendocrine processes, which may explain why CARs are increased compared to healthy controls (HC). Prior research speculated that these alterations may be caused by early life stress and/or chronic stress related to the ongoing burden of the disorder. Yet, it remains to be investigated how BPD influences CAR in the course of development. Therefore, the current study examined CAR in female adolescents and adults with BPD compared to HC with a particular focus on associations with age. These potential associations were especially focused, as it was hypothesized that the CAR would be even more elevated (i.e., higher) in older individuals with BPD. CAR was assessed in 54 female individuals with BPD (aged 15–40 years) and 54 sex-, age-, and intelligence-matched HC (aged 15–48 years). Group differences were investigated and analyses of covariance using age as continuous predictor were performed to analyze potential developmental associations with CAR alongside BPD-specific effects. Pearson’s correlations were calculated to examine associations between CAR and age. Analyses were repeated with potential confounders as control factors. Results not only demonstrated increased CARs in female individuals with BPD compared to HC but demonstrated elevated CARs with increasing age in BPD individuals exclusively. Effects remained stable after controlling for potential confounders. Thereby, findings suggest that endocrine alterations in BPD may reinforce with increasing age and BPD chronicity. Springer Vienna 2021-08-14 2021 /pmc/articles/PMC8423694/ /pubmed/34390395 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00702-021-02402-3 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Psychiatry and Preclinical Psychiatric Studies - Original Article
Rausch, Juliane
Flach, Elisa
Panizza, Angelika
Brunner, Romuald
Herpertz, Sabine C.
Kaess, Michael
Bertsch, Katja
Associations between age and cortisol awakening response in patients with borderline personality disorder
title Associations between age and cortisol awakening response in patients with borderline personality disorder
title_full Associations between age and cortisol awakening response in patients with borderline personality disorder
title_fullStr Associations between age and cortisol awakening response in patients with borderline personality disorder
title_full_unstemmed Associations between age and cortisol awakening response in patients with borderline personality disorder
title_short Associations between age and cortisol awakening response in patients with borderline personality disorder
title_sort associations between age and cortisol awakening response in patients with borderline personality disorder
topic Psychiatry and Preclinical Psychiatric Studies - Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8423694/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34390395
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00702-021-02402-3
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