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Overcoming the obstacles of current photodynamic therapy in tumors using nanoparticles
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been applied in clinical treatment of tumors for a long time. However, insufficient supply of pivotal factors including photosensitizer (PS), light, and oxygen in tumor tissue dramatically reduces the therapeutic efficacy of PDT. Nanoparticles have received an influx o...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
KeAi Publishing
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8424083/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34541384 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.06.019 |
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author | Lee, Donghyun Kwon, Soonmin Jang, Seok-young Park, Eunyoung Lee, Yeeun Koo, Heebeom |
author_facet | Lee, Donghyun Kwon, Soonmin Jang, Seok-young Park, Eunyoung Lee, Yeeun Koo, Heebeom |
author_sort | Lee, Donghyun |
collection | PubMed |
description | Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been applied in clinical treatment of tumors for a long time. However, insufficient supply of pivotal factors including photosensitizer (PS), light, and oxygen in tumor tissue dramatically reduces the therapeutic efficacy of PDT. Nanoparticles have received an influx of attention as drug carriers, and recent studies have demonstrated their promising potential to overcome the obstacles of PDT in tumor tissue. Physicochemical optimization for passive targeting, ligand modification for active targeting, and stimuli-responsive release achieved efficient delivery of PS to tumor tissue. Various trials using upconversion NPs, two-photon lasers, X-rays, and bioluminescence have provided clues for efficient methods of light delivery to deep tissue. Attempts have been made to overcome unfavorable tumor microenvironments via artificial oxygen generation, Fenton reaction, and combination with other chemical drugs. In this review, we introduce these creative approaches to addressing the hurdles facing PDT in tumors. In particular, the studies that have been validated in animal experiments are preferred in this review over proof-of-concept studies that were only performed in cells. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8424083 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | KeAi Publishing |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84240832021-09-17 Overcoming the obstacles of current photodynamic therapy in tumors using nanoparticles Lee, Donghyun Kwon, Soonmin Jang, Seok-young Park, Eunyoung Lee, Yeeun Koo, Heebeom Bioact Mater Article Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been applied in clinical treatment of tumors for a long time. However, insufficient supply of pivotal factors including photosensitizer (PS), light, and oxygen in tumor tissue dramatically reduces the therapeutic efficacy of PDT. Nanoparticles have received an influx of attention as drug carriers, and recent studies have demonstrated their promising potential to overcome the obstacles of PDT in tumor tissue. Physicochemical optimization for passive targeting, ligand modification for active targeting, and stimuli-responsive release achieved efficient delivery of PS to tumor tissue. Various trials using upconversion NPs, two-photon lasers, X-rays, and bioluminescence have provided clues for efficient methods of light delivery to deep tissue. Attempts have been made to overcome unfavorable tumor microenvironments via artificial oxygen generation, Fenton reaction, and combination with other chemical drugs. In this review, we introduce these creative approaches to addressing the hurdles facing PDT in tumors. In particular, the studies that have been validated in animal experiments are preferred in this review over proof-of-concept studies that were only performed in cells. KeAi Publishing 2021-06-26 /pmc/articles/PMC8424083/ /pubmed/34541384 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.06.019 Text en © 2021 The Authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Lee, Donghyun Kwon, Soonmin Jang, Seok-young Park, Eunyoung Lee, Yeeun Koo, Heebeom Overcoming the obstacles of current photodynamic therapy in tumors using nanoparticles |
title | Overcoming the obstacles of current photodynamic therapy in tumors using nanoparticles |
title_full | Overcoming the obstacles of current photodynamic therapy in tumors using nanoparticles |
title_fullStr | Overcoming the obstacles of current photodynamic therapy in tumors using nanoparticles |
title_full_unstemmed | Overcoming the obstacles of current photodynamic therapy in tumors using nanoparticles |
title_short | Overcoming the obstacles of current photodynamic therapy in tumors using nanoparticles |
title_sort | overcoming the obstacles of current photodynamic therapy in tumors using nanoparticles |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8424083/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34541384 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.06.019 |
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