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Overcoming the obstacles of current photodynamic therapy in tumors using nanoparticles

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been applied in clinical treatment of tumors for a long time. However, insufficient supply of pivotal factors including photosensitizer (PS), light, and oxygen in tumor tissue dramatically reduces the therapeutic efficacy of PDT. Nanoparticles have received an influx o...

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Autores principales: Lee, Donghyun, Kwon, Soonmin, Jang, Seok-young, Park, Eunyoung, Lee, Yeeun, Koo, Heebeom
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: KeAi Publishing 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8424083/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34541384
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.06.019
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author Lee, Donghyun
Kwon, Soonmin
Jang, Seok-young
Park, Eunyoung
Lee, Yeeun
Koo, Heebeom
author_facet Lee, Donghyun
Kwon, Soonmin
Jang, Seok-young
Park, Eunyoung
Lee, Yeeun
Koo, Heebeom
author_sort Lee, Donghyun
collection PubMed
description Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been applied in clinical treatment of tumors for a long time. However, insufficient supply of pivotal factors including photosensitizer (PS), light, and oxygen in tumor tissue dramatically reduces the therapeutic efficacy of PDT. Nanoparticles have received an influx of attention as drug carriers, and recent studies have demonstrated their promising potential to overcome the obstacles of PDT in tumor tissue. Physicochemical optimization for passive targeting, ligand modification for active targeting, and stimuli-responsive release achieved efficient delivery of PS to tumor tissue. Various trials using upconversion NPs, two-photon lasers, X-rays, and bioluminescence have provided clues for efficient methods of light delivery to deep tissue. Attempts have been made to overcome unfavorable tumor microenvironments via artificial oxygen generation, Fenton reaction, and combination with other chemical drugs. In this review, we introduce these creative approaches to addressing the hurdles facing PDT in tumors. In particular, the studies that have been validated in animal experiments are preferred in this review over proof-of-concept studies that were only performed in cells.
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spelling pubmed-84240832021-09-17 Overcoming the obstacles of current photodynamic therapy in tumors using nanoparticles Lee, Donghyun Kwon, Soonmin Jang, Seok-young Park, Eunyoung Lee, Yeeun Koo, Heebeom Bioact Mater Article Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been applied in clinical treatment of tumors for a long time. However, insufficient supply of pivotal factors including photosensitizer (PS), light, and oxygen in tumor tissue dramatically reduces the therapeutic efficacy of PDT. Nanoparticles have received an influx of attention as drug carriers, and recent studies have demonstrated their promising potential to overcome the obstacles of PDT in tumor tissue. Physicochemical optimization for passive targeting, ligand modification for active targeting, and stimuli-responsive release achieved efficient delivery of PS to tumor tissue. Various trials using upconversion NPs, two-photon lasers, X-rays, and bioluminescence have provided clues for efficient methods of light delivery to deep tissue. Attempts have been made to overcome unfavorable tumor microenvironments via artificial oxygen generation, Fenton reaction, and combination with other chemical drugs. In this review, we introduce these creative approaches to addressing the hurdles facing PDT in tumors. In particular, the studies that have been validated in animal experiments are preferred in this review over proof-of-concept studies that were only performed in cells. KeAi Publishing 2021-06-26 /pmc/articles/PMC8424083/ /pubmed/34541384 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.06.019 Text en © 2021 The Authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Lee, Donghyun
Kwon, Soonmin
Jang, Seok-young
Park, Eunyoung
Lee, Yeeun
Koo, Heebeom
Overcoming the obstacles of current photodynamic therapy in tumors using nanoparticles
title Overcoming the obstacles of current photodynamic therapy in tumors using nanoparticles
title_full Overcoming the obstacles of current photodynamic therapy in tumors using nanoparticles
title_fullStr Overcoming the obstacles of current photodynamic therapy in tumors using nanoparticles
title_full_unstemmed Overcoming the obstacles of current photodynamic therapy in tumors using nanoparticles
title_short Overcoming the obstacles of current photodynamic therapy in tumors using nanoparticles
title_sort overcoming the obstacles of current photodynamic therapy in tumors using nanoparticles
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8424083/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34541384
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.06.019
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