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A five-year retrospective study on the epidemiology of hand, foot and mouth disease in Sabah, Malaysia
Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is endemic in Malaysia, with the number of cases increasing. Sabah has experienced several HFMD outbreaks, but information on the epidemiology and molecular characteristics of responsible viruses is scarce. In this study, data of 17,574 reports of HFMD cases in S...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Nature Publishing Group UK
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8426372/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34497287 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96083-3 |
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author | Fong, Siat Yee Mori, Daisuke Rundi, Christina Yap, Jun Fai Jikal, Muhammad Latip, A. L. Liza Binti Abd Johnny, Victor Ahmed, Kamruddin |
author_facet | Fong, Siat Yee Mori, Daisuke Rundi, Christina Yap, Jun Fai Jikal, Muhammad Latip, A. L. Liza Binti Abd Johnny, Victor Ahmed, Kamruddin |
author_sort | Fong, Siat Yee |
collection | PubMed |
description | Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is endemic in Malaysia, with the number of cases increasing. Sabah has experienced several HFMD outbreaks, but information on the epidemiology and molecular characteristics of responsible viruses is scarce. In this study, data of 17,574 reports of HFMD cases in Sabah from 2015 to 2019 were extracted from a public health disease surveillance system and analyzed. Twenty-one swab samples from 13 children were collected from Beaufort, Sabah, during an outbreak in August 2018 for detection and serotyping of causative viruses by semi-nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (snRT-PCR) of the VP4–VP2 region and consensus degenerate hybrid oligonucleotide primer PCR of the VP1 region, respectively. Nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were conducted by the neighbor-joining method. The average annual incidence of HFMD was 94.3 per 100,000 people, with the greatest yearly increase between 2017 and 2018. Swabs from six children were tested positive for enterovirus, of which five were positive for CVA16 and one for EV71. All CVA16 strains belonged to sub-genotype B1a, and the EV71 strain belonged to sub-genotype B5. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that enterovirus genotype shift might be responsible for the increasing trend of HFMD in Sabah, however, further study is needed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8426372 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84263722021-09-09 A five-year retrospective study on the epidemiology of hand, foot and mouth disease in Sabah, Malaysia Fong, Siat Yee Mori, Daisuke Rundi, Christina Yap, Jun Fai Jikal, Muhammad Latip, A. L. Liza Binti Abd Johnny, Victor Ahmed, Kamruddin Sci Rep Article Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is endemic in Malaysia, with the number of cases increasing. Sabah has experienced several HFMD outbreaks, but information on the epidemiology and molecular characteristics of responsible viruses is scarce. In this study, data of 17,574 reports of HFMD cases in Sabah from 2015 to 2019 were extracted from a public health disease surveillance system and analyzed. Twenty-one swab samples from 13 children were collected from Beaufort, Sabah, during an outbreak in August 2018 for detection and serotyping of causative viruses by semi-nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (snRT-PCR) of the VP4–VP2 region and consensus degenerate hybrid oligonucleotide primer PCR of the VP1 region, respectively. Nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were conducted by the neighbor-joining method. The average annual incidence of HFMD was 94.3 per 100,000 people, with the greatest yearly increase between 2017 and 2018. Swabs from six children were tested positive for enterovirus, of which five were positive for CVA16 and one for EV71. All CVA16 strains belonged to sub-genotype B1a, and the EV71 strain belonged to sub-genotype B5. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that enterovirus genotype shift might be responsible for the increasing trend of HFMD in Sabah, however, further study is needed. Nature Publishing Group UK 2021-09-08 /pmc/articles/PMC8426372/ /pubmed/34497287 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96083-3 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Fong, Siat Yee Mori, Daisuke Rundi, Christina Yap, Jun Fai Jikal, Muhammad Latip, A. L. Liza Binti Abd Johnny, Victor Ahmed, Kamruddin A five-year retrospective study on the epidemiology of hand, foot and mouth disease in Sabah, Malaysia |
title | A five-year retrospective study on the epidemiology of hand, foot and mouth disease in Sabah, Malaysia |
title_full | A five-year retrospective study on the epidemiology of hand, foot and mouth disease in Sabah, Malaysia |
title_fullStr | A five-year retrospective study on the epidemiology of hand, foot and mouth disease in Sabah, Malaysia |
title_full_unstemmed | A five-year retrospective study on the epidemiology of hand, foot and mouth disease in Sabah, Malaysia |
title_short | A five-year retrospective study on the epidemiology of hand, foot and mouth disease in Sabah, Malaysia |
title_sort | five-year retrospective study on the epidemiology of hand, foot and mouth disease in sabah, malaysia |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8426372/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34497287 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96083-3 |
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