Assessment of muscle and fat mass in type 2 diabetes patients by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the quantitative composition of muscle and adipose tissue in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients on the basis of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for the diagnosis of obesity and sarcopenia. METHODS: Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was administered to 50 patients with T2DM. Evaluation of the composition of muscle and adipose tissue was performed. RESULTS: The median of Appendicular Lean Mass Index (ALMI) in the general group was 8.04 [7.32; 8.97]. In general, there was a decrease in the appendicular muscle mass with increasing age. According to the results of T-score ALMI and Z-score ALMI, we did not identify patients with sarcopenia. However, the calculation of the T- and Z-criteria, adjusted for fat mass, led to a significant decrease of these parameters and in 98.0% it was possible to identify patients who meet the criteria of sarcopenia. CONCLUSION: We did not detect patients with sarcopenia on the basis of ALMI, T-ALMI. After revision of these criteria for fat mass, almost all patients started to meet the criteria of sarcopenia (98.0%).