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Clinical Pathological Features and Current Animal Models of Type 3 Macular Neovascularization

Type 3 macular neovascularization (MNV3), or retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP), is a distinct type of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD), which is a leading cause of vision loss in older persons. During the past decade, systematic investigation into the clinical, multimodal ima...

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Autores principales: Qiang, Wei, Wei, Ran, Chen, Yongjiang, Chen, Danian
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8427186/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34512255
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2021.734860
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author Qiang, Wei
Wei, Ran
Chen, Yongjiang
Chen, Danian
author_facet Qiang, Wei
Wei, Ran
Chen, Yongjiang
Chen, Danian
author_sort Qiang, Wei
collection PubMed
description Type 3 macular neovascularization (MNV3), or retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP), is a distinct type of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD), which is a leading cause of vision loss in older persons. During the past decade, systematic investigation into the clinical, multimodal imaging, and histopathological features and therapeutic outcomes has provided important new insight into this disease. These studies favor the retinal origin of MNV3 and suggest the involvement of retinal hypoxia, inflammation, von Hippel–Lindau (VHL)–hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)–vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway, and multiple cell types in the development and progression of MNV3. Several mouse models, including the recently built Rb/p107/Vhl triple knockout mouse model by our group, have induced many of the histological features of MNV3 and provided much insight into the underlying pathological mechanisms. These models have revealed the roles of retinal hypoxia, inflammation, lipid metabolism, VHL/HIF pathway, and retinoblastoma tumor suppressor (Rb)–E2F cell cycle pathway in the development of MNV3. This article will summarize the clinical, multimodal imaging, and pathological features of MNV3 and the diversity of animal models that exist for MNV3, as well as their strengths and limitations.
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spelling pubmed-84271862021-09-10 Clinical Pathological Features and Current Animal Models of Type 3 Macular Neovascularization Qiang, Wei Wei, Ran Chen, Yongjiang Chen, Danian Front Neurosci Neuroscience Type 3 macular neovascularization (MNV3), or retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP), is a distinct type of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD), which is a leading cause of vision loss in older persons. During the past decade, systematic investigation into the clinical, multimodal imaging, and histopathological features and therapeutic outcomes has provided important new insight into this disease. These studies favor the retinal origin of MNV3 and suggest the involvement of retinal hypoxia, inflammation, von Hippel–Lindau (VHL)–hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)–vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway, and multiple cell types in the development and progression of MNV3. Several mouse models, including the recently built Rb/p107/Vhl triple knockout mouse model by our group, have induced many of the histological features of MNV3 and provided much insight into the underlying pathological mechanisms. These models have revealed the roles of retinal hypoxia, inflammation, lipid metabolism, VHL/HIF pathway, and retinoblastoma tumor suppressor (Rb)–E2F cell cycle pathway in the development of MNV3. This article will summarize the clinical, multimodal imaging, and pathological features of MNV3 and the diversity of animal models that exist for MNV3, as well as their strengths and limitations. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-08-26 /pmc/articles/PMC8427186/ /pubmed/34512255 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2021.734860 Text en Copyright © 2021 Qiang, Wei, Chen and Chen. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Qiang, Wei
Wei, Ran
Chen, Yongjiang
Chen, Danian
Clinical Pathological Features and Current Animal Models of Type 3 Macular Neovascularization
title Clinical Pathological Features and Current Animal Models of Type 3 Macular Neovascularization
title_full Clinical Pathological Features and Current Animal Models of Type 3 Macular Neovascularization
title_fullStr Clinical Pathological Features and Current Animal Models of Type 3 Macular Neovascularization
title_full_unstemmed Clinical Pathological Features and Current Animal Models of Type 3 Macular Neovascularization
title_short Clinical Pathological Features and Current Animal Models of Type 3 Macular Neovascularization
title_sort clinical pathological features and current animal models of type 3 macular neovascularization
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8427186/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34512255
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2021.734860
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