Cargando…
Distribution, Prevalence, and Causative Agents of Fungal Keratitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (1990 to 2020)
OBJECTIVES: This study aims to provide an overview of the prevalence, distribution, and causative agents of fungal keratitis. METHODS: All the articles with data on the prevalence of fungal keratitis among various patient groups from January 1, 1990 to May 27, 2020 were retrieved through a systemati...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8428535/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34513726 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.698780 |
_version_ | 1783750400174718976 |
---|---|
author | Ahmadikia, Kazem Aghaei Gharehbolagh, Sanaz Fallah, Bahareh Naeimi Eshkaleti, Mahsa Malekifar, Pooneh Rahsepar, Saeedeh Getso, Muhammad I. Sharma, Savitri Mahmoudi, Shahram |
author_facet | Ahmadikia, Kazem Aghaei Gharehbolagh, Sanaz Fallah, Bahareh Naeimi Eshkaleti, Mahsa Malekifar, Pooneh Rahsepar, Saeedeh Getso, Muhammad I. Sharma, Savitri Mahmoudi, Shahram |
author_sort | Ahmadikia, Kazem |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVES: This study aims to provide an overview of the prevalence, distribution, and causative agents of fungal keratitis. METHODS: All the articles with data on the prevalence of fungal keratitis among various patient groups from January 1, 1990 to May 27, 2020 were retrieved through a systematic search in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Data were extracted, and the pooled estimated prevalence of fungal keratitis, yeast/mold infection, the spectrum and frequency of various causative agents, and the pooled estimated prevalence of mixed infections were calculated in general and in various countries (wherever possible) using meta-analysis. RESULTS: From 11,235 articles retrieved in the primary search step, 169 met the inclusion criteria. The 169 eligible articles were divided into six groups and analyzed separately. The pooled prevalence of fungal keratitis was variable with values ranging from 0.05% among postkeratoplasty patients to 43.01% among patients with a clinical suspicion of fungal keratitis. There was also a country-dependent variation in the prevalence (Paraguay: 50.1% (95% CI, 35.11, 65.00); Ireland: 1.1% (95% CI, 0.03, 6.04)). Except for postkeratoplasty cases (yeast: 51.80%), in all patient groups, molds were more common than yeasts. Although more than 50 distinct species of fungi have been found to cause fungal keratitis, Fusarium species followed by Aspergillus species were the most common causes of the disease. In general, 9.29% (95% CI, 6.52, 12.38) of fungal keratitis cases were mixed with bacterial agents. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of fungal keratitis can vary dramatically depending on the patient groups and geographical origin; however, the dominant causative agents are generally similar. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8428535 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84285352021-09-10 Distribution, Prevalence, and Causative Agents of Fungal Keratitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (1990 to 2020) Ahmadikia, Kazem Aghaei Gharehbolagh, Sanaz Fallah, Bahareh Naeimi Eshkaleti, Mahsa Malekifar, Pooneh Rahsepar, Saeedeh Getso, Muhammad I. Sharma, Savitri Mahmoudi, Shahram Front Cell Infect Microbiol Cellular and Infection Microbiology OBJECTIVES: This study aims to provide an overview of the prevalence, distribution, and causative agents of fungal keratitis. METHODS: All the articles with data on the prevalence of fungal keratitis among various patient groups from January 1, 1990 to May 27, 2020 were retrieved through a systematic search in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Data were extracted, and the pooled estimated prevalence of fungal keratitis, yeast/mold infection, the spectrum and frequency of various causative agents, and the pooled estimated prevalence of mixed infections were calculated in general and in various countries (wherever possible) using meta-analysis. RESULTS: From 11,235 articles retrieved in the primary search step, 169 met the inclusion criteria. The 169 eligible articles were divided into six groups and analyzed separately. The pooled prevalence of fungal keratitis was variable with values ranging from 0.05% among postkeratoplasty patients to 43.01% among patients with a clinical suspicion of fungal keratitis. There was also a country-dependent variation in the prevalence (Paraguay: 50.1% (95% CI, 35.11, 65.00); Ireland: 1.1% (95% CI, 0.03, 6.04)). Except for postkeratoplasty cases (yeast: 51.80%), in all patient groups, molds were more common than yeasts. Although more than 50 distinct species of fungi have been found to cause fungal keratitis, Fusarium species followed by Aspergillus species were the most common causes of the disease. In general, 9.29% (95% CI, 6.52, 12.38) of fungal keratitis cases were mixed with bacterial agents. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of fungal keratitis can vary dramatically depending on the patient groups and geographical origin; however, the dominant causative agents are generally similar. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-08-26 /pmc/articles/PMC8428535/ /pubmed/34513726 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.698780 Text en Copyright © 2021 Ahmadikia, Aghaei Gharehbolagh, Fallah, Naeimi Eshkaleti, Malekifar, Rahsepar, Getso, Sharma and Mahmoudi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Cellular and Infection Microbiology Ahmadikia, Kazem Aghaei Gharehbolagh, Sanaz Fallah, Bahareh Naeimi Eshkaleti, Mahsa Malekifar, Pooneh Rahsepar, Saeedeh Getso, Muhammad I. Sharma, Savitri Mahmoudi, Shahram Distribution, Prevalence, and Causative Agents of Fungal Keratitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (1990 to 2020) |
title | Distribution, Prevalence, and Causative Agents of Fungal Keratitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (1990 to 2020) |
title_full | Distribution, Prevalence, and Causative Agents of Fungal Keratitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (1990 to 2020) |
title_fullStr | Distribution, Prevalence, and Causative Agents of Fungal Keratitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (1990 to 2020) |
title_full_unstemmed | Distribution, Prevalence, and Causative Agents of Fungal Keratitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (1990 to 2020) |
title_short | Distribution, Prevalence, and Causative Agents of Fungal Keratitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (1990 to 2020) |
title_sort | distribution, prevalence, and causative agents of fungal keratitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis (1990 to 2020) |
topic | Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8428535/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34513726 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.698780 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT ahmadikiakazem distributionprevalenceandcausativeagentsoffungalkeratitisasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis1990to2020 AT aghaeigharehbolaghsanaz distributionprevalenceandcausativeagentsoffungalkeratitisasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis1990to2020 AT fallahbahareh distributionprevalenceandcausativeagentsoffungalkeratitisasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis1990to2020 AT naeimieshkaletimahsa distributionprevalenceandcausativeagentsoffungalkeratitisasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis1990to2020 AT malekifarpooneh distributionprevalenceandcausativeagentsoffungalkeratitisasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis1990to2020 AT rahseparsaeedeh distributionprevalenceandcausativeagentsoffungalkeratitisasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis1990to2020 AT getsomuhammadi distributionprevalenceandcausativeagentsoffungalkeratitisasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis1990to2020 AT sharmasavitri distributionprevalenceandcausativeagentsoffungalkeratitisasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis1990to2020 AT mahmoudishahram distributionprevalenceandcausativeagentsoffungalkeratitisasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis1990to2020 |