Cargando…

COVID-19 hospitalizations in five California hospitals: a retrospective cohort study

BACKGROUND: The novel coronavirus pandemic has had a differential impact on communities of color across the US. The University of California hospital system serves a large population of people who are often underrepresented elsewhere. Data from hospital stays can provide much-needed localized inform...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Nuño, Miriam, García, Yury, Rajasekar, Ganesh, Pinheiro, Diego, Schmidt, Alec J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8429886/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34507546
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-06640-4
_version_ 1783750627149479936
author Nuño, Miriam
García, Yury
Rajasekar, Ganesh
Pinheiro, Diego
Schmidt, Alec J.
author_facet Nuño, Miriam
García, Yury
Rajasekar, Ganesh
Pinheiro, Diego
Schmidt, Alec J.
author_sort Nuño, Miriam
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The novel coronavirus pandemic has had a differential impact on communities of color across the US. The University of California hospital system serves a large population of people who are often underrepresented elsewhere. Data from hospital stays can provide much-needed localized information on risk factors for severe cases and/or death. METHODS: Patient-level retrospective case series of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 hospital admissions at five UC hospitals (N = 4730). Odds ratios of ICU admission, death, and a composite of both outcomes were calculated with univariate and multivariate logistic regression based on patient characteristics, including sex, race/ethnicity, and select comorbidities. Associations between comorbidities were quantified and visualized with a correlation network. RESULTS: Overall mortality rate was 7.0% (329/4,730). ICU mortality rate was 18.8% (225/1,194). The rate of the composite outcome (ICU admission and/or death) was 27.4% (1298/4730). Comorbidity-controlled odds of a composite outcome were increased for age 75–84 (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.11–1.93) and 85–59 (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.04–1.87) compared to 18–34 year-olds, males (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.21–1.59) vs. females, and patients identifying as Hispanic/Latino (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.14–1.61) or Asian (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.23–1.82) compared to White. Patients with 5 or more comorbidities were exceedingly likely to experience a composite outcome (OR 2.74, 95% CI 2.32–3.25). CONCLUSIONS: Males, older patients, those with multiple pre-existing comorbidities, and those identifying as Hispanic/Latino or Asian experienced an increased risk of ICU admission and/or death. These results are consistent with reported risks among the Hispanic/Latino population elsewhere in the United States, and confirm multiple concerns about heightened risk among the Asian population in California. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-021-06640-4.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8429886
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher BioMed Central
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-84298862021-09-10 COVID-19 hospitalizations in five California hospitals: a retrospective cohort study Nuño, Miriam García, Yury Rajasekar, Ganesh Pinheiro, Diego Schmidt, Alec J. BMC Infect Dis Research BACKGROUND: The novel coronavirus pandemic has had a differential impact on communities of color across the US. The University of California hospital system serves a large population of people who are often underrepresented elsewhere. Data from hospital stays can provide much-needed localized information on risk factors for severe cases and/or death. METHODS: Patient-level retrospective case series of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 hospital admissions at five UC hospitals (N = 4730). Odds ratios of ICU admission, death, and a composite of both outcomes were calculated with univariate and multivariate logistic regression based on patient characteristics, including sex, race/ethnicity, and select comorbidities. Associations between comorbidities were quantified and visualized with a correlation network. RESULTS: Overall mortality rate was 7.0% (329/4,730). ICU mortality rate was 18.8% (225/1,194). The rate of the composite outcome (ICU admission and/or death) was 27.4% (1298/4730). Comorbidity-controlled odds of a composite outcome were increased for age 75–84 (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.11–1.93) and 85–59 (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.04–1.87) compared to 18–34 year-olds, males (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.21–1.59) vs. females, and patients identifying as Hispanic/Latino (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.14–1.61) or Asian (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.23–1.82) compared to White. Patients with 5 or more comorbidities were exceedingly likely to experience a composite outcome (OR 2.74, 95% CI 2.32–3.25). CONCLUSIONS: Males, older patients, those with multiple pre-existing comorbidities, and those identifying as Hispanic/Latino or Asian experienced an increased risk of ICU admission and/or death. These results are consistent with reported risks among the Hispanic/Latino population elsewhere in the United States, and confirm multiple concerns about heightened risk among the Asian population in California. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-021-06640-4. BioMed Central 2021-09-10 /pmc/articles/PMC8429886/ /pubmed/34507546 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-06640-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Nuño, Miriam
García, Yury
Rajasekar, Ganesh
Pinheiro, Diego
Schmidt, Alec J.
COVID-19 hospitalizations in five California hospitals: a retrospective cohort study
title COVID-19 hospitalizations in five California hospitals: a retrospective cohort study
title_full COVID-19 hospitalizations in five California hospitals: a retrospective cohort study
title_fullStr COVID-19 hospitalizations in five California hospitals: a retrospective cohort study
title_full_unstemmed COVID-19 hospitalizations in five California hospitals: a retrospective cohort study
title_short COVID-19 hospitalizations in five California hospitals: a retrospective cohort study
title_sort covid-19 hospitalizations in five california hospitals: a retrospective cohort study
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8429886/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34507546
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-06640-4
work_keys_str_mv AT nunomiriam covid19hospitalizationsinfivecaliforniahospitalsaretrospectivecohortstudy
AT garciayury covid19hospitalizationsinfivecaliforniahospitalsaretrospectivecohortstudy
AT rajasekarganesh covid19hospitalizationsinfivecaliforniahospitalsaretrospectivecohortstudy
AT pinheirodiego covid19hospitalizationsinfivecaliforniahospitalsaretrospectivecohortstudy
AT schmidtalecj covid19hospitalizationsinfivecaliforniahospitalsaretrospectivecohortstudy