Cargando…
SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Isotypes in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients Prior to Vaccination: Associations With Disease Activity, Antinuclear Antibodies, and Immunomodulatory Drugs During the First Year of the Pandemic
OBJECTIVES: Impact of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic on individuals with arthritis has been highlighted whereas data on other rheumatic diseases, e.g., systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), are scarce. Similarly to SLE, severe SARS-CoV-2 infection includes ri...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8430325/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34512651 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.724047 |
_version_ | 1783750682394755072 |
---|---|
author | Sjöwall, Johanna Azharuddin, Mohammad Frodlund, Martina Zhang, Yuming Sandner, Laura Dahle, Charlotte Hinkula, Jorma Sjöwall, Christopher |
author_facet | Sjöwall, Johanna Azharuddin, Mohammad Frodlund, Martina Zhang, Yuming Sandner, Laura Dahle, Charlotte Hinkula, Jorma Sjöwall, Christopher |
author_sort | Sjöwall, Johanna |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVES: Impact of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic on individuals with arthritis has been highlighted whereas data on other rheumatic diseases, e.g., systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), are scarce. Similarly to SLE, severe SARS-CoV-2 infection includes risks for thromboembolism, an unbalanced type I interferon response, and complement activation. Herein, SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in longitudinal samples collected prior to vaccination were analyzed and compared with SLE progression and antinuclear antibody (ANA) levels. METHODS: One hundred patients (83 women) with established SLE and a regular visit to the rheumatologist (March 2020 to January 2021) were included. All subjects donated blood and had done likewise prior to the pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 antibody isotypes (IgG, IgA, IgM) to the cell receptor-binding S1-spike outer envelope protein were detected by ELISA, and their neutralizing capacity was investigated. IgG-ANA were measured by multiplex technology. RESULTS: During the pandemic, 4% had PCR-confirmed infection but 36% showed SARS-CoV-2 antibodies of ≥1 isotype; IgA was the most common (30%), followed by IgM (9%) and IgG (8%). The antibodies had low neutralizing capacity and were detected also in prepandemic samples. Plasma albumin (p = 0.04) and anti-dsDNA (p = 0.003) levels were lower in patients with SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Blood group, BMI, smoking habits, complement proteins, daily glucocorticoid dose, use of hydroxychloroquine, or self-reported coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) symptoms (except fever, >38.5°C) did not associate with SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. CONCLUSION: Our data from early 2021 indicate that a large proportion of Swedish SLE patients had serological signs of exposure to SARS-CoV-2 but apparently with a minor impact on the SLE course. Use of steroids and hydroxychloroquine showed no distinct effects, and self-reported COVID-19-related symptoms correlated poorly with all antibody isotypes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8430325 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84303252021-09-11 SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Isotypes in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients Prior to Vaccination: Associations With Disease Activity, Antinuclear Antibodies, and Immunomodulatory Drugs During the First Year of the Pandemic Sjöwall, Johanna Azharuddin, Mohammad Frodlund, Martina Zhang, Yuming Sandner, Laura Dahle, Charlotte Hinkula, Jorma Sjöwall, Christopher Front Immunol Immunology OBJECTIVES: Impact of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic on individuals with arthritis has been highlighted whereas data on other rheumatic diseases, e.g., systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), are scarce. Similarly to SLE, severe SARS-CoV-2 infection includes risks for thromboembolism, an unbalanced type I interferon response, and complement activation. Herein, SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in longitudinal samples collected prior to vaccination were analyzed and compared with SLE progression and antinuclear antibody (ANA) levels. METHODS: One hundred patients (83 women) with established SLE and a regular visit to the rheumatologist (March 2020 to January 2021) were included. All subjects donated blood and had done likewise prior to the pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 antibody isotypes (IgG, IgA, IgM) to the cell receptor-binding S1-spike outer envelope protein were detected by ELISA, and their neutralizing capacity was investigated. IgG-ANA were measured by multiplex technology. RESULTS: During the pandemic, 4% had PCR-confirmed infection but 36% showed SARS-CoV-2 antibodies of ≥1 isotype; IgA was the most common (30%), followed by IgM (9%) and IgG (8%). The antibodies had low neutralizing capacity and were detected also in prepandemic samples. Plasma albumin (p = 0.04) and anti-dsDNA (p = 0.003) levels were lower in patients with SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Blood group, BMI, smoking habits, complement proteins, daily glucocorticoid dose, use of hydroxychloroquine, or self-reported coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) symptoms (except fever, >38.5°C) did not associate with SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. CONCLUSION: Our data from early 2021 indicate that a large proportion of Swedish SLE patients had serological signs of exposure to SARS-CoV-2 but apparently with a minor impact on the SLE course. Use of steroids and hydroxychloroquine showed no distinct effects, and self-reported COVID-19-related symptoms correlated poorly with all antibody isotypes. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-08-27 /pmc/articles/PMC8430325/ /pubmed/34512651 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.724047 Text en Copyright © 2021 Sjöwall, Azharuddin, Frodlund, Zhang, Sandner, Dahle, Hinkula and Sjöwall https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Immunology Sjöwall, Johanna Azharuddin, Mohammad Frodlund, Martina Zhang, Yuming Sandner, Laura Dahle, Charlotte Hinkula, Jorma Sjöwall, Christopher SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Isotypes in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients Prior to Vaccination: Associations With Disease Activity, Antinuclear Antibodies, and Immunomodulatory Drugs During the First Year of the Pandemic |
title | SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Isotypes in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients Prior to Vaccination: Associations With Disease Activity, Antinuclear Antibodies, and Immunomodulatory Drugs During the First Year of the Pandemic |
title_full | SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Isotypes in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients Prior to Vaccination: Associations With Disease Activity, Antinuclear Antibodies, and Immunomodulatory Drugs During the First Year of the Pandemic |
title_fullStr | SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Isotypes in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients Prior to Vaccination: Associations With Disease Activity, Antinuclear Antibodies, and Immunomodulatory Drugs During the First Year of the Pandemic |
title_full_unstemmed | SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Isotypes in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients Prior to Vaccination: Associations With Disease Activity, Antinuclear Antibodies, and Immunomodulatory Drugs During the First Year of the Pandemic |
title_short | SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Isotypes in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients Prior to Vaccination: Associations With Disease Activity, Antinuclear Antibodies, and Immunomodulatory Drugs During the First Year of the Pandemic |
title_sort | sars-cov-2 antibody isotypes in systemic lupus erythematosus patients prior to vaccination: associations with disease activity, antinuclear antibodies, and immunomodulatory drugs during the first year of the pandemic |
topic | Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8430325/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34512651 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.724047 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT sjowalljohanna sarscov2antibodyisotypesinsystemiclupuserythematosuspatientspriortovaccinationassociationswithdiseaseactivityantinuclearantibodiesandimmunomodulatorydrugsduringthefirstyearofthepandemic AT azharuddinmohammad sarscov2antibodyisotypesinsystemiclupuserythematosuspatientspriortovaccinationassociationswithdiseaseactivityantinuclearantibodiesandimmunomodulatorydrugsduringthefirstyearofthepandemic AT frodlundmartina sarscov2antibodyisotypesinsystemiclupuserythematosuspatientspriortovaccinationassociationswithdiseaseactivityantinuclearantibodiesandimmunomodulatorydrugsduringthefirstyearofthepandemic AT zhangyuming sarscov2antibodyisotypesinsystemiclupuserythematosuspatientspriortovaccinationassociationswithdiseaseactivityantinuclearantibodiesandimmunomodulatorydrugsduringthefirstyearofthepandemic AT sandnerlaura sarscov2antibodyisotypesinsystemiclupuserythematosuspatientspriortovaccinationassociationswithdiseaseactivityantinuclearantibodiesandimmunomodulatorydrugsduringthefirstyearofthepandemic AT dahlecharlotte sarscov2antibodyisotypesinsystemiclupuserythematosuspatientspriortovaccinationassociationswithdiseaseactivityantinuclearantibodiesandimmunomodulatorydrugsduringthefirstyearofthepandemic AT hinkulajorma sarscov2antibodyisotypesinsystemiclupuserythematosuspatientspriortovaccinationassociationswithdiseaseactivityantinuclearantibodiesandimmunomodulatorydrugsduringthefirstyearofthepandemic AT sjowallchristopher sarscov2antibodyisotypesinsystemiclupuserythematosuspatientspriortovaccinationassociationswithdiseaseactivityantinuclearantibodiesandimmunomodulatorydrugsduringthefirstyearofthepandemic |