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Zoonotic Risk of Encephalitozoon cuniculi in Animal-Assisted Interventions: Laboratory Strategies for the Diagnosis of Infections in Humans and Animals
The involvement of animals for therapeutic purposes has very ancient roots. To date, it is clear that animal-assisted interventions (AAIs), in addition to ensuring the replacement of missing or deficient affects, improves psychophysiological parameters connected to human health. However, AAI could p...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8430659/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34501921 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179333 |
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author | Santaniello, Antonio Cimmino, Ilaria Dipineto, Ludovico Agognon, Ayewa Lawoe Beguinot, Francesco Formisano, Pietro Fioretti, Alessandro Menna, Lucia Francesca Oriente, Francesco |
author_facet | Santaniello, Antonio Cimmino, Ilaria Dipineto, Ludovico Agognon, Ayewa Lawoe Beguinot, Francesco Formisano, Pietro Fioretti, Alessandro Menna, Lucia Francesca Oriente, Francesco |
author_sort | Santaniello, Antonio |
collection | PubMed |
description | The involvement of animals for therapeutic purposes has very ancient roots. To date, it is clear that animal-assisted interventions (AAIs), in addition to ensuring the replacement of missing or deficient affects, improves psychophysiological parameters connected to human health. However, AAI could potentially present risks related to the transmission of infectious agents from animals to humans. Among these microorganisms, E. cuniculi is a microspore which induces pathological effects (fever, headache, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, breathlessness, respiratory symptoms, and weakness) in both humans and animals. Consequently, an accurate and fast diagnosis of E. cuniculi infection, as well as the identification of new diagnostic approaches, is of fundamental importance. This literature review was carried out to provide an extensive and comprehensive analysis of the most recent diagnostic techniques to prevent and care for E. cuniculi-associated risks in the AAI field. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8430659 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84306592021-09-11 Zoonotic Risk of Encephalitozoon cuniculi in Animal-Assisted Interventions: Laboratory Strategies for the Diagnosis of Infections in Humans and Animals Santaniello, Antonio Cimmino, Ilaria Dipineto, Ludovico Agognon, Ayewa Lawoe Beguinot, Francesco Formisano, Pietro Fioretti, Alessandro Menna, Lucia Francesca Oriente, Francesco Int J Environ Res Public Health Review The involvement of animals for therapeutic purposes has very ancient roots. To date, it is clear that animal-assisted interventions (AAIs), in addition to ensuring the replacement of missing or deficient affects, improves psychophysiological parameters connected to human health. However, AAI could potentially present risks related to the transmission of infectious agents from animals to humans. Among these microorganisms, E. cuniculi is a microspore which induces pathological effects (fever, headache, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, breathlessness, respiratory symptoms, and weakness) in both humans and animals. Consequently, an accurate and fast diagnosis of E. cuniculi infection, as well as the identification of new diagnostic approaches, is of fundamental importance. This literature review was carried out to provide an extensive and comprehensive analysis of the most recent diagnostic techniques to prevent and care for E. cuniculi-associated risks in the AAI field. MDPI 2021-09-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8430659/ /pubmed/34501921 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179333 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Santaniello, Antonio Cimmino, Ilaria Dipineto, Ludovico Agognon, Ayewa Lawoe Beguinot, Francesco Formisano, Pietro Fioretti, Alessandro Menna, Lucia Francesca Oriente, Francesco Zoonotic Risk of Encephalitozoon cuniculi in Animal-Assisted Interventions: Laboratory Strategies for the Diagnosis of Infections in Humans and Animals |
title | Zoonotic Risk of Encephalitozoon cuniculi in Animal-Assisted Interventions: Laboratory Strategies for the Diagnosis of Infections in Humans and Animals |
title_full | Zoonotic Risk of Encephalitozoon cuniculi in Animal-Assisted Interventions: Laboratory Strategies for the Diagnosis of Infections in Humans and Animals |
title_fullStr | Zoonotic Risk of Encephalitozoon cuniculi in Animal-Assisted Interventions: Laboratory Strategies for the Diagnosis of Infections in Humans and Animals |
title_full_unstemmed | Zoonotic Risk of Encephalitozoon cuniculi in Animal-Assisted Interventions: Laboratory Strategies for the Diagnosis of Infections in Humans and Animals |
title_short | Zoonotic Risk of Encephalitozoon cuniculi in Animal-Assisted Interventions: Laboratory Strategies for the Diagnosis of Infections in Humans and Animals |
title_sort | zoonotic risk of encephalitozoon cuniculi in animal-assisted interventions: laboratory strategies for the diagnosis of infections in humans and animals |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8430659/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34501921 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179333 |
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