Cargando…

RNA Granules in the Mitochondria and Their Organization under Mitochondrial Stresses

The human mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) regulates its transcription products in specialised and distinct ways as compared to nuclear transcription. Thanks to its mtDNA mitochondria possess their own set of tRNAs, rRNAs and mRNAs that encode a subset of the protein subunits of the electron transport c...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Xavier, Vanessa Joanne, Martinou, Jean-Claude
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8431320/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34502411
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179502
_version_ 1783750909050748928
author Xavier, Vanessa Joanne
Martinou, Jean-Claude
author_facet Xavier, Vanessa Joanne
Martinou, Jean-Claude
author_sort Xavier, Vanessa Joanne
collection PubMed
description The human mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) regulates its transcription products in specialised and distinct ways as compared to nuclear transcription. Thanks to its mtDNA mitochondria possess their own set of tRNAs, rRNAs and mRNAs that encode a subset of the protein subunits of the electron transport chain complexes. The RNA regulation within mitochondria is organised within specialised, membraneless, compartments of RNA-protein complexes, called the Mitochondrial RNA Granules (MRGs). MRGs were first identified to contain nascent mRNA, complexed with many proteins involved in RNA processing and maturation and ribosome assembly. Most recently, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) species, a hybrid of the two complementary mRNA strands, were found to form granules in the matrix of mitochondria. These RNA granules are therefore components of the mitochondrial post-transcriptional pathway and as such play an essential role in mitochondrial gene expression. Mitochondrial dysfunctions in the form of, for example, RNA processing or RNA quality control defects, or inhibition of mitochondrial fission, can cause the loss or the aberrant accumulation of these RNA granules. These findings underline the important link between mitochondrial maintenance and the efficient expression of its genome.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8431320
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-84313202021-09-11 RNA Granules in the Mitochondria and Their Organization under Mitochondrial Stresses Xavier, Vanessa Joanne Martinou, Jean-Claude Int J Mol Sci Review The human mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) regulates its transcription products in specialised and distinct ways as compared to nuclear transcription. Thanks to its mtDNA mitochondria possess their own set of tRNAs, rRNAs and mRNAs that encode a subset of the protein subunits of the electron transport chain complexes. The RNA regulation within mitochondria is organised within specialised, membraneless, compartments of RNA-protein complexes, called the Mitochondrial RNA Granules (MRGs). MRGs were first identified to contain nascent mRNA, complexed with many proteins involved in RNA processing and maturation and ribosome assembly. Most recently, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) species, a hybrid of the two complementary mRNA strands, were found to form granules in the matrix of mitochondria. These RNA granules are therefore components of the mitochondrial post-transcriptional pathway and as such play an essential role in mitochondrial gene expression. Mitochondrial dysfunctions in the form of, for example, RNA processing or RNA quality control defects, or inhibition of mitochondrial fission, can cause the loss or the aberrant accumulation of these RNA granules. These findings underline the important link between mitochondrial maintenance and the efficient expression of its genome. MDPI 2021-09-01 /pmc/articles/PMC8431320/ /pubmed/34502411 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179502 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Xavier, Vanessa Joanne
Martinou, Jean-Claude
RNA Granules in the Mitochondria and Their Organization under Mitochondrial Stresses
title RNA Granules in the Mitochondria and Their Organization under Mitochondrial Stresses
title_full RNA Granules in the Mitochondria and Their Organization under Mitochondrial Stresses
title_fullStr RNA Granules in the Mitochondria and Their Organization under Mitochondrial Stresses
title_full_unstemmed RNA Granules in the Mitochondria and Their Organization under Mitochondrial Stresses
title_short RNA Granules in the Mitochondria and Their Organization under Mitochondrial Stresses
title_sort rna granules in the mitochondria and their organization under mitochondrial stresses
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8431320/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34502411
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179502
work_keys_str_mv AT xaviervanessajoanne rnagranulesinthemitochondriaandtheirorganizationundermitochondrialstresses
AT martinoujeanclaude rnagranulesinthemitochondriaandtheirorganizationundermitochondrialstresses