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Interplay between Hepatitis E Virus and Host Cell Pattern Recognition Receptors
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) usually causes self-limiting acute hepatitis, but the disease can become chronic in immunocompromised individuals. HEV infection in pregnant women is reported to cause up to 30% mortality, especially in the third trimester. Additionally, extrahepatic manifestations like neuro...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8431321/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34502167 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179259 |
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author | Devhare, Pradip Madiyal, Mridula Mukhopadhyay, Chiranjay Shetty, Shiran Shastry, Shamee |
author_facet | Devhare, Pradip Madiyal, Mridula Mukhopadhyay, Chiranjay Shetty, Shiran Shastry, Shamee |
author_sort | Devhare, Pradip |
collection | PubMed |
description | Hepatitis E virus (HEV) usually causes self-limiting acute hepatitis, but the disease can become chronic in immunocompromised individuals. HEV infection in pregnant women is reported to cause up to 30% mortality, especially in the third trimester. Additionally, extrahepatic manifestations like neuronal and renal diseases and pancreatitis are also reported during the course of HEV infection. The mechanism of HEV pathogenesis remains poorly understood. Innate immunity is the first line of defense triggered within minutes to hours after the first pathogenic insult. Growing evidence based on reverse genetics systems, in vitro cell culture models, and representative studies in animal models including non-human primates, has implicated the role of the host’s innate immune response during HEV infection. HEV persists in presence of interferons (IFNs) plausibly by evading cellular antiviral defense. This review summarizes our current understanding of recognizing HEV-associated molecular patterns by host cell Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) in eliciting innate immune response during HEV infection as well as mechanisms of virus-mediated immune evasion. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8431321 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84313212021-09-11 Interplay between Hepatitis E Virus and Host Cell Pattern Recognition Receptors Devhare, Pradip Madiyal, Mridula Mukhopadhyay, Chiranjay Shetty, Shiran Shastry, Shamee Int J Mol Sci Review Hepatitis E virus (HEV) usually causes self-limiting acute hepatitis, but the disease can become chronic in immunocompromised individuals. HEV infection in pregnant women is reported to cause up to 30% mortality, especially in the third trimester. Additionally, extrahepatic manifestations like neuronal and renal diseases and pancreatitis are also reported during the course of HEV infection. The mechanism of HEV pathogenesis remains poorly understood. Innate immunity is the first line of defense triggered within minutes to hours after the first pathogenic insult. Growing evidence based on reverse genetics systems, in vitro cell culture models, and representative studies in animal models including non-human primates, has implicated the role of the host’s innate immune response during HEV infection. HEV persists in presence of interferons (IFNs) plausibly by evading cellular antiviral defense. This review summarizes our current understanding of recognizing HEV-associated molecular patterns by host cell Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) in eliciting innate immune response during HEV infection as well as mechanisms of virus-mediated immune evasion. MDPI 2021-08-26 /pmc/articles/PMC8431321/ /pubmed/34502167 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179259 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Devhare, Pradip Madiyal, Mridula Mukhopadhyay, Chiranjay Shetty, Shiran Shastry, Shamee Interplay between Hepatitis E Virus and Host Cell Pattern Recognition Receptors |
title | Interplay between Hepatitis E Virus and Host Cell Pattern Recognition Receptors |
title_full | Interplay between Hepatitis E Virus and Host Cell Pattern Recognition Receptors |
title_fullStr | Interplay between Hepatitis E Virus and Host Cell Pattern Recognition Receptors |
title_full_unstemmed | Interplay between Hepatitis E Virus and Host Cell Pattern Recognition Receptors |
title_short | Interplay between Hepatitis E Virus and Host Cell Pattern Recognition Receptors |
title_sort | interplay between hepatitis e virus and host cell pattern recognition receptors |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8431321/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34502167 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179259 |
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