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Ptk7 Is Dynamically Localized at Neural Crest Cell–Cell Contact Sites and Functions in Contact Inhibition of Locomotion
Neural crest (NC) cells are highly migratory cells that contribute to various vertebrate tissues, and whose migratory behaviors resemble cancer cell migration and invasion. Information exchange via dynamic NC cell–cell contact is one mechanism by which the directionality of migrating NC cells is con...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8431534/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34502237 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179324 |
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author | Grund, Anita Till, Katharina Giehl, Klaudia Borchers, Annette |
author_facet | Grund, Anita Till, Katharina Giehl, Klaudia Borchers, Annette |
author_sort | Grund, Anita |
collection | PubMed |
description | Neural crest (NC) cells are highly migratory cells that contribute to various vertebrate tissues, and whose migratory behaviors resemble cancer cell migration and invasion. Information exchange via dynamic NC cell–cell contact is one mechanism by which the directionality of migrating NC cells is controlled. One transmembrane protein that is most likely involved in this process is protein tyrosine kinase 7 (PTK7), an evolutionary conserved Wnt co-receptor that is expressed in cranial NC cells and several tumor cells. In Xenopus, Ptk7 is required for NC migration. In this study, we show that the Ptk7 protein is dynamically localized at cell–cell contact zones of migrating Xenopus NC cells and required for contact inhibition of locomotion (CIL). Using deletion constructs of Ptk7, we determined that the extracellular immunoglobulin domains of Ptk7 are important for its transient accumulation and that they mediate homophilic binding. Conversely, we found that ectopic expression of Ptk7 in non-NC cells was able to prevent NC cell invasion. However, deletion of the extracellular domains of Ptk7 abolished this effect. Thus, Ptk7 is sufficient at protecting non-NC tissue from NC cell invasion, suggesting a common role of PTK7 in contact inhibition, cell invasion, and tissue integrity. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8431534 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-84315342021-09-11 Ptk7 Is Dynamically Localized at Neural Crest Cell–Cell Contact Sites and Functions in Contact Inhibition of Locomotion Grund, Anita Till, Katharina Giehl, Klaudia Borchers, Annette Int J Mol Sci Article Neural crest (NC) cells are highly migratory cells that contribute to various vertebrate tissues, and whose migratory behaviors resemble cancer cell migration and invasion. Information exchange via dynamic NC cell–cell contact is one mechanism by which the directionality of migrating NC cells is controlled. One transmembrane protein that is most likely involved in this process is protein tyrosine kinase 7 (PTK7), an evolutionary conserved Wnt co-receptor that is expressed in cranial NC cells and several tumor cells. In Xenopus, Ptk7 is required for NC migration. In this study, we show that the Ptk7 protein is dynamically localized at cell–cell contact zones of migrating Xenopus NC cells and required for contact inhibition of locomotion (CIL). Using deletion constructs of Ptk7, we determined that the extracellular immunoglobulin domains of Ptk7 are important for its transient accumulation and that they mediate homophilic binding. Conversely, we found that ectopic expression of Ptk7 in non-NC cells was able to prevent NC cell invasion. However, deletion of the extracellular domains of Ptk7 abolished this effect. Thus, Ptk7 is sufficient at protecting non-NC tissue from NC cell invasion, suggesting a common role of PTK7 in contact inhibition, cell invasion, and tissue integrity. MDPI 2021-08-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8431534/ /pubmed/34502237 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179324 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Grund, Anita Till, Katharina Giehl, Klaudia Borchers, Annette Ptk7 Is Dynamically Localized at Neural Crest Cell–Cell Contact Sites and Functions in Contact Inhibition of Locomotion |
title | Ptk7 Is Dynamically Localized at Neural Crest Cell–Cell Contact Sites and Functions in Contact Inhibition of Locomotion |
title_full | Ptk7 Is Dynamically Localized at Neural Crest Cell–Cell Contact Sites and Functions in Contact Inhibition of Locomotion |
title_fullStr | Ptk7 Is Dynamically Localized at Neural Crest Cell–Cell Contact Sites and Functions in Contact Inhibition of Locomotion |
title_full_unstemmed | Ptk7 Is Dynamically Localized at Neural Crest Cell–Cell Contact Sites and Functions in Contact Inhibition of Locomotion |
title_short | Ptk7 Is Dynamically Localized at Neural Crest Cell–Cell Contact Sites and Functions in Contact Inhibition of Locomotion |
title_sort | ptk7 is dynamically localized at neural crest cell–cell contact sites and functions in contact inhibition of locomotion |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8431534/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34502237 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179324 |
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